Ich versuche, den MariaDB-Client (DBeaver) von meinem Heimcomputer aus mit meiner Datenbank zu verbinden. Die Verbindungsdetails zu IP-Adresse/Host, Port, Benutzername und Passwort sind korrekt.
Ich kann den Host anpingen. Der Host ist aktiv. Ich kann lokal auf dem Server auf die Datenbank zugreifen. Ich habe phpMyAdmin für dieses Szenario eingerichtet. Für einen Spieleserver, der auf einem anderen VPS läuft, muss ich jedoch in der Lage sein, externe Verbindungen herzustellen.
Das ist meine /etc/mysql/my.cnf
Datei:
[client-server] # Port or socket location where to connect # port = 3306 socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Import all .cnf files from configuration directory !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ !includedir /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/ [mysqld] log_warnings=1 innodb_file_per_table = ON
Außerdem ist hier meine 50-server.cnf-Datei:
# # These groups are read by MariaDB server. # Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see # this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers [server] # this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # user = mysql pid-file = /run/mysqld/mysqld.pid basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql lc-messages = en_US skip-external-locking # Broken reverse DNS slows down connections considerably and name resolve is # safe to skip if there are no "host by domain name" access grants #skip-name-resolve # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. bind-address = 0.0.0.0 # # * Fine Tuning # #key_buffer_size = 128M #max_allowed_packet = 1G #thread_stack = 192K #thread_cache_size = 8 # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched #myisam_recover_options = BACKUP #max_connections = 100 #table_cache = 64 # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. # Recommend only changing this at runtime for short testing periods if needed! #general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log #general_log = 1 # When running under systemd, error logging goes via stdout/stderr to journald # and when running legacy init error logging goes to syslog due to # /etc/mysql/conf.d/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysqld_safe.cnf # Enable this if you want to have error logging into a separate file #log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # Enable the slow query log to see queries with especially long duration #slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mariadb-slow.log #long_query_time = 10 #log_slow_verbosity = query_plan,explain #log-queries-not-using-indexes #min_examined_row_limit = 1000 # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log expire_logs_days = 10 #max_binlog_size = 100M # # * SSL/TLS # # For documentation, please read # https://mariadb.com/kb/en/securing-connections-for-client-and-server/ #ssl-ca = /etc/mysql/cacert.pem #ssl-cert = /etc/mysql/server-cert.pem #ssl-key = /etc/mysql/server-key.pem #require-secure-transport = on # # * Character sets # # MySQL/MariaDB default is Latin1, but in Debian we rather default to the full # utf8 4-byte character set. See also client.cnf character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # Most important is to give InnoDB 80 % of the system RAM for buffer use: # https://mariadb.com/kb/en/innodb-system-variables/#innodb_buffer_pool_size #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G # this is only for embedded server [embedded] # This group is only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL. # If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB, # you can put MariaDB-only options here [mariadb] # This group is only read by MariaDB-10.5 servers. # If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions, # use this group for options that older servers don't understand [mariadb-10.5]
Ich habe einen Blick darauf geworfen und meine /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf
-Datei so bearbeitet
绑定地址 = 0.0.0.0
Ich habe außerdem einen neuen Benutzer erstellt und seinen Host mit GRANT OPTION auf „%“ gesetzt, um sicherzustellen, dass der Benutzer Zugriff von externen IPs erhält.
Immer noch keine Verbindung zur Datenbank möglich.
sudo iptables -L
Rückkehr:
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ufw-before-logging-input all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-before-input all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-after-input all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-after-logging-input all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-reject-input all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-track-input all -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:3306 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ufw-before-logging-forward all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-before-forward all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-after-forward all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-after-logging-forward all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-reject-forward all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-track-forward all -- anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ufw-before-logging-output all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-before-output all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-after-output all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-after-logging-output all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-reject-output all -- anywhere anywhere ufw-track-output all -- anywhere anywhere Chain ufw-after-forward (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-after-input (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-after-logging-forward (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-after-logging-input (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-after-logging-output (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-after-output (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-before-forward (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-before-input (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-before-logging-forward (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-before-logging-input (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-before-logging-output (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-before-output (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-reject-forward (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-reject-input (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-reject-output (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-track-forward (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-track-input (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain ufw-track-output (1 references) target prot opt source destination
Soweit ich weiß, gibt es keine Firewall. Ich versuche derzeit, von einer lokalen Umgebung aus eine Verbindung zu einer Datenbank herzustellen, die über eine dynamische IP verfügt. Ich habe vor, die Einrichtung von anderen VPS-IPs erst zuzulassen, wenn ich diesen Punkt erreicht habe.
UFW nicht installiert, basierend auf Kommentaren, die ich versucht habe: sudo ufw status
Das Problem, das auftritt, wenn ich versuche, vom Desktop aus eine Verbindung herzustellen, ist ein Zeitüberschreitungsproblem. Es ist, als würde der Server eingehende Verbindungen von meiner IP nicht lesen/annehmen.
Ich verwende auch portchecker.co
检查端口 3306
的服务器 IP,它返回为 Closed
, obwohl oben steht, dass es zuhört.
Beim Versuch, eine Verbindung zu HeidiSQL herzustellen, erhalte ich die Fehlermeldung: 无法连接到“1.2.3.4”上的服务器 (10060)
Natürlich wurde 1.2.3.4 durch die IP meines Servers ersetzt.
Überprüfen netstat -tlnp | grep 3306
– es wird zurückgegeben:
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* 监听 3900555/mariadbd
必须与托管公司来回沟通,让他们修复问题。他们从未向我提供问题的确切原因,但是通过票务,他们能够解决端口问题。