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PHP面向对象程序设计之接口用法

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:19 PM
php interface object-oriented

这篇文章主要介绍了PHP面向对象程序设计的接口用法,对PHP程序设计人员来说是有必要牢固掌握的概念,需要的朋友可以参考下

接口是PHP面向对象程序设计中非常重要的一个概念。本文以实例形式较为详细的讲述了PHP接口的用法。具体如下:

接口:interface

在PHP中,我们可以规定,一个对象应该具有哪些公共的外部操作,即可使用interface来规定。
公共的方法就是接口。用于规定一个对象应该用于哪些公共的操作方法(接口),这个也叫接口(公共操作方法的集合)
即:接口(interface结构,公共方法集合)

公共方法(接口方法)
定义:用于限定某个对象所必须拥有的公共操作方法的一种结构,称之为接口(interface)
语法:定义接口结构,使用interface关键字。接口内定义的都是一些公共方法。

interface接口名 { 公共操作方法列表 }

例子如下:

interface I_Goods { public function sayName(); public function sayPrice(); }

注意:
1.接口方法,访问权限必须是公共的 public
2.接口内只能有公共方法,不能存在成员变量
3.接口内只能含有未被实现的方法,也叫抽象方法,但是不用abstract关键字。

类实现接口,利用关键字implements完成。

例子:

interface I_Goods { public function sayName(); public function sayPrice(); } class Goods implements I_Goods { public function sayName() { } public function sayPrice() { } }

这样,,实现该接口的类,必须实现接口内所有的抽象方法。而且可以肯定,该方法一定是公共的外部操作方法。

多实现:该功能,在理论上可以通过抽象类来实现,但是抽象类,不专业。
使用接口则专业些,实现上,因为php支持多实现,而仅支持单继承

例子如下:

interface I_Goods { public function sayName(); public function sayPrice(); } interface I_Shop { public function saySafe(); } class Goods implements I_Goods , I_Shop { public function sayName() { } public function sayPrice() { } public function saySafe() { } }

接口之间也可以继承
例子如下:

interface I_Goods { public function sayName(); public function sayPrice(); } interface I_Shop extends I_Goods { public function saySafe(); } class Goods implements I_Shop { public function sayName() { } public function sayPrice() { } public function saySafe() { } }

php对象接口的支持,可以定义类常量

例子如下:

interface I_Goods { const PAI = 3.14; public function sayName(); public function sayPrice(); } interface I_Shop extends I_Goods { public function saySafe(); } class Goods implements I_Shop { public function sayName() { } public function sayPrice() { } public function saySafe() { } } echo Goods::PAI;

运行输出:3.14

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