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PHP命名空间(namespace)的动态访问及使用技巧

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:19 PM
php skills Namespaces

上篇文章介绍了PHP命名空间的一些术语,其解析规则,本文我们来继续讲述PHP命名空间动态访问及使用技巧,希望能有所帮助

PHP的命名空间(namespace)是PHP 5.3中加入最重要的一个新特性,,这个概念在C#中已经很早就有了,php中的namespace其实和c#的概念是一样的。

一.动态访问命名空间的元素

namespace me\poet; function test() { echo '1111'; } $fun = 'test';//不能这么用,最后$fun()无法动态调用到test():Fatal error: Call to undefined function test() $fun = '\me\poet\test';//正确 //$fun = 'me\poet\test';//正确 $fun();

也就是说,动态调用必须是 限定名称 或 完全限定名称(概念参考:PHP命名空间的使用基础)


二.魔术常量 和 操作符

namespace me\poet; function test() { echo '1'; } echo __NAMESPACE__; //魔术常量:命名空间的名称(输出 me\poet) //namespace操作符:显式访问当前命名空间或子命名空间中的元素,等价于类中的self操作符 \me\poet\test(); namespace\test(); //上两行代码等价。


三.别名、导入 和 全局空间(含多个例子)

namespace ws\weichen\www; use ws\weichen\www as poet;//定义别名poet //use ws\weichen\www; //不加as,则取最后的作为别名(www) function demo() { echo '1'; } \ws\weichen\www\demo(); poet\demo(); //www\demo();    //不加as的情况,则这样调用

以上三行代码效果一样。
按规则(ws\weichen\www)命名的好处:若更换域名,只要把前缀名称改了就可以,不影响后面代码中别名www的使用。

/* 导入 */ include 'hello.class.php'; use \ws\weichen\www; use \Hello; /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* 支持多个use语句 */ use \nihao\shijie as hello, \ws\weichen\www; /*--------------------------------------------------------*/ /* 全局空间:反斜线调用 */ namespace A\B\C; //这个函数是 A\B\C\fopen(); function fopen() { $f = \fopen('demo.txt');//调用全局fopen函数 return $f; }

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