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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 深入理解PHP的foreach机制

深入理解PHP的foreach机制

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:19 PM
foreach php

PHP中的foreach
如果数组的is_ref为1,则直接循环原数组
如果foreach($arr as &$v){}最终会把$arr的is_ref设为1,直接循环原数组
如果数组is_ref为0,但引用计数大于1,会拷贝数组,并开辟新的内存空间,循环被拷贝的数组
以上说的有没有问题呢?
还有比较纠结的一个问题
在foreach之初,就把数组的引用计数+1呢,然后数组改变的时候,$arr[$k]=111或者运行current等函数,copy on write呢
还是foreach之初,数组的引用计数并未+1,而是判断数组做了改变($arr[$k]=111、运行current等函数)的时候才去复制一份数组,开辟新的内存空间呢
当然不管怎么做,对代码的执行结果似乎都是一样的
不过准备整理文档和大家分享下,以免误导
这里先谢谢诸位了

回复内容:

PHP中的foreach
如果数组的is_ref为1,则直接循环原数组
如果foreach($arr as &$v){}最终会把$arr的is_ref设为1,直接循环原数组
如果数组is_ref为0,但引用计数大于1,会拷贝数组,并开辟新的内存空间,循环被拷贝的数组
以上说的有没有问题呢?
还有比较纠结的一个问题
在foreach之初,就把数组的引用计数+1呢,然后数组改变的时候,$arr[$k]=111或者运行current等函数,copy on write呢
还是foreach之初,数组的引用计数并未+1,而是判断数组做了改变($arr[$k]=111、运行current等函数)的时候才去复制一份数组,开辟新的内存空间呢
当然不管怎么做,对代码的执行结果似乎都是一样的
不过准备整理文档和大家分享下,以免误导
这里先谢谢诸位了

解决:http://segmentfault.com/a/1190000004340640

你说得好乱呀……问题在哪都好难寻觅……

你说的 is_ref 是在 zval 定义里的 is_ref 吗?

找到里的两个问题,貌似都和 zval 的 copy on write 有关,我简单回答一下 copy on write 机制把。(这里基于 PHP 5 , 在 PHP 7 zval 结构变化很大,另当别论)

推变量增加 refcount 就表示有更多的变量使用了这个值,比如 foreach 里的数组,如果增加 refcount 到 2 ,就表示值里的 zval.value 里的 HashTable 被使用在两个变量中,这时候复制并不是马上发生。而是在修改变量的时候,如果检测到 refcount > 1 (表示有其他变量引用了这个 HashTable),就要先把 HashTable 复制一份,在进行修改。

应该指明版本 7改了,为了避免麻烦 我尽量用array walk

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