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特征匹配 - PHP 正则表达式 如何实现 反模式匹配

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Release: 2016-06-06 20:39:41
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需求

如何用一行正则表达式进行排除匹配:不以/结尾且不以文件扩展名结尾的字符串
目的:访问的不是有扩展名文件名格式的、且结尾不是以“/”结尾,那么重定向到带“/”的网址。

示例

<code>#符合
/images        ==> /images/
/uploads        ==> /uploads/
/register        ==> /register/
/images/uploads/201412    ==>    /images/uploads/201412/
/2014/222/jpg        ==>    /2014/222/jpg/

#不符合
/
/images/
/uploads/
/index.php
/images/test.jpg
/upload/my.1/test.jpg?a=1111&b=ddd&file=t.php
/index.html</code>
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正则

<code>#如下是错误的
[^\/|\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4}]$ </code>
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正则中括号貌似只能排除单个字符串,而不能排除一段字符串。如何排除一段字符串,如何实现如上的匹配

回复内容:

需求

如何用一行正则表达式进行排除匹配:不以/结尾且不以文件扩展名结尾的字符串
目的:访问的不是有扩展名文件名格式的、且结尾不是以“/”结尾,那么重定向到带“/”的网址。

示例

<code>#符合
/images        ==> /images/
/uploads        ==> /uploads/
/register        ==> /register/
/images/uploads/201412    ==>    /images/uploads/201412/
/2014/222/jpg        ==>    /2014/222/jpg/

#不符合
/
/images/
/uploads/
/index.php
/images/test.jpg
/upload/my.1/test.jpg?a=1111&b=ddd&file=t.php
/index.html</code>
Copy after login
Copy after login

正则

<code>#如下是错误的
[^\/|\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4}]$ </code>
Copy after login
Copy after login

正则中括号貌似只能排除单个字符串,而不能排除一段字符串。如何排除一段字符串,如何实现如上的匹配

<code>$arr = [
    'home.inc/include.dir/a/', 
    'home.inc/include.dir/a.7z', 
    'home.inc/include.dir/a', 
];

$arr = array_filter($arr, function($str) {
    return preg_match('/^(?:[^\/]*\/)*[^.]*[^\/]$/', $str); 
    // also preg_match('/^(?!.*?(?:\/|\.[^\/]+)$).*/', $str);
});

var_dump($arr); // array(1) { [2]=> string(22) "home.inc/include.dir/a" }
</code>
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你需要的应该是「零宽断言」

写了一个奇丑的,实在没办法写的更好看了

<code>^.*(?</code>
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!preg_match('#(\/$)|(\/(?=[^\/]*\.[^\/]*$))#', $str)

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