php中的可变变量和引用赋值有什么区别
php中的可变变量和引用赋值有什么区别呢,刚开始自学php,麻烦解答一下
除了&这个区别,其他的没什么区别么
回复内容:
php中的可变变量和引用赋值有什么区别呢,刚开始自学php,麻烦解答一下
除了&这个区别,其他的没什么区别么
从PHP内核的角度跟你解释下吧,你可以深入理解下,就完全明白了;
PHP的变量在内核中都是通过C语言的结构zval来存储的(你没学过C,你可以理解为是个对象,里面的成员变量都是类的属性,暂时先这样理解),zval结构如下:
struct _zval_struct {
zvalue_value value; // 存储变量的值
zend_uint refcount__gc; //表示引用计数 默认为:1
zend_uchar type; // 变量具体的类型
zend_uchar is_ref__gc; //表示是否为引用
};
举个例子,php代码如下:
$a = 10;
$b = $a;
这时$b没有引用,只是将$a的值赋给了$a,那么zval这个结构中的refcount__gc就变为2了,而is_ref__gc还是false,表示未引用,因为内核$a已经开辟了一块内存空间,当$a赋值给$b时,$b的值只指向了$a,这样就省去了重新开辟一块内存,但是当$b值被改变时($a的值不会变),$b又将会开辟一块新的内存空间,这就是所以的写时复制,到这里,楼主已经明白了,PHP变量在内核中的如何存储了,下面就讲下引用:
$a = 10;
$b = &$a;
这个时候,内核中存储$a的结构is_ref__gc标记为true,代表是引用,那么$a和$b都指向了同一个内存地址,当$b=20的时候,$a也会变成20,说到这里,楼主应该明白区别了吧?
变量由创建,引用是别名
变量是完全开了另外一个内存空间存放数据,跟原来的值没有关系了。
引用是使用了原来的值,如果引用的值改变了,那么原来的值就会改变。
可以看一下C语言,理解一下引用

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