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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 求教一个PHP正则表达式的问题

求教一个PHP正则表达式的问题

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:48 PM
php regular expression

求教一个PHP正则表达式的问题。 一个字符串形如 abcdeXeeeY((XabcYcddX))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx)), 现在想把包含在(( ))的内的X和Y分别替换成 $ 和 @, 用preg函数如何做到呢?

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求教一个PHP正则表达式的问题。 一个字符串形如 abcdeXeeeY((XabcYcddX))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx)), 现在想把包含在(( ))的内的X和Y分别替换成 $ 和 @, 用preg函数如何做到呢?

我不是正则表达式的骨灰级大神,我相信很多人也不是。

所以我建议,把事情做的简单显然一些,减少很tricky的技巧未尝不是一件好事:

$patt = '/\(\([^\(\)]*?\)\)/';
$subj = 'abcdeXeeeY((XabcYcddX))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx))';
echo preg_replace_callback($patt, function ($matches) { 
        return str_replace('Y', '@', str_replace('X', '$', $matches[0]));
    }, $subj);
// abcdeXeeeY(($abc@cdd$))Xmmdkf((adjjk@xxx))
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注1:匿名函数语法,需要 php 5.3+ 的支持。低版本php需要将回调函数按一般函数定义。
注2:这个答案并没有考虑双括号组嵌套的情况。

深入学习一下正则也无妨,下面是我的解决方案, 只替换了X,看明白后把Y加进去不难。

$s = 'abcdeXeeeY((XabXYXddX))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx))';
$count = 1;

while (0 < $count) {
    $s = preg_replace(
        array(
            '/(?<=\(\()([^\(\)X]*?)X/',
            '/X([^\(\)X]*?)(?=\)\))/',
        ),
        array(
            '\1$',
            '$\1',
        ),
        $s,
        -1,
        $count
    );

    var_dump($s);
}

/*
string(42) "abcdeXeeeY(($abXYXdd$))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx))"
string(42) "abcdeXeeeY(($ab$Y$dd$))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx))"
string(42) "abcdeXeeeY(($ab$Y$dd$))Xmmdkf((adjjkYxxx))"
 */
Copy after login

说明:主要是用了正则里面的 零宽断言 , 但 preg_replace 无法重用已经匹配过的内容,所以加了个循环控制。

应该还有更优的方案,我这算是抛砖引玉吧。

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