mysql提高insert性能
mysql提高insert性能
1. 一条SQL语句插入多条数据。
常用的插入语句如:
INSERT INTO `insert_table` (`datetime`, `uid`, `content`, `type`) VALUES ('0', 'userid_0', 'content_0', 0);
INSERT INTO `insert_table` (`datetime`, `uid`, `content`, `type`) VALUES ('1', 'userid_1', 'content_1', 1);
修改成:
INSERT INTO `insert_table` (`datetime`, `uid`, `content`, `type`) VALUES ('0', 'userid_0', 'content_0', 0), ('1', 'userid_1', 'content_1', 1);
修改后的插入操作能够提高程序的插入效率。这里第二种SQL执行效率高的主要原因有两个,一是减少SQL语句解析的操作, 只需要解析一次就能进行数据的插入操作,二是SQL语句较短,可以减少网络传输的IO。
这里提供一些测试对比数据,分别是进行单条数据的导入与转化成一条SQL语句进行导入,分别测试1百、1千、1万条数据记录。
2. 在事务中进行插入处理。
把插入修改成:
START TRANSACTION;
INSERT INTO `insert_table` (`datetime`, `uid`, `content`, `type`) VALUES ('0', 'userid_0', 'content_0', 0);
INSERT INTO `insert_table` (`datetime`, `uid`, `content`, `type`) VALUES ('1', 'userid_1', 'content_1', 1);
...
COMMIT;
这里也提供了测试对比,分别是不使用事务与使用事务在记录数为1百、1千、1万的情况。使用事务可以提高数据的插入效率,这是因为进行一个INSERT操作时,MySQL内部会建立一个事务,在事务内进行真正插入处理。通过使用事务可以减少创建事务的消耗,所有插入都在执行后才进行提交操作。
性能测试:
这里提供了同时使用上面两种方法进行INSERT效率优化的测试。即多条数据合并为同一个SQL,并且在事务中进行插入。
从测试结果可以看到,insert的效率大概有50倍的提高,这个一个很客观的数字。
注意事项:
1. SQL语句是有长度限制,在进行数据合并在同一SQL中务必不能超过SQL长度限制,通过max_allowed_packet配置可以修改,默认是1M。
2. 事务需要控制大小,事务太大可能会影响执行的效率。MySQL有innodb_log_buffer_size配置项,超过这个值会日志会使用磁盘数据,这时,效率会有所下降。所以比较好的做法是,在事务大小达到配置项数据级前进行事务提交。
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