Home Database Mysql Tutorial centos7系统安装oracle11g指南

centos7系统安装oracle11g指南

Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:50 PM
centos7 Install guide system

准备工作: centos7系统正常工作且已经联网。 centos7有图形界面,因为后续安装有需要图形界面操作 oracle11g安装包下载完成(下载资源网址http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linuxsoft-098940-zhs.html)

准备工作:

        centos7系统正常工作且已经联网。

        centos7有图形界面,因为后续安装有需要图形界面操作

        oracle11g安装包下载完成(下载资源网址http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linuxsoft-098940-zhs.html)

安装步骤:

        1. 安装oracle11g之前,先要安装centos几个系统包

             compat-libstdc++-33.i686

             elfutils-libelf-devel.i686

             libstdc++-devel.i686

             gcc-c++.i686

             libaio-devel.i686

             unixODBC.i686

             unixODBC-devel.i686

             安装方法: 联网状态下,使用yum命令。

             yum  search   包名     //  搜索镜像站点的资源,看是否有该包。 不同系统可能包名名称多少有点差距,所以执行该步就是为了让不同系统的用户浏览本文档时,找到自己相对应的包,一般包名核心名称不会变,只是后面会加些版本号之类的。

             yum install  包名  // 安装上述包, 一个一个挨个安装。 最好search一个包,找到对应包名,然后install该包

                                   没网状态下,只能想办法从其它机器上下载这些包,再回来解压安装。

           2. oracle必须有单独的linux用户去管理,所以必须新建用户

                第一步: root用户登录

                第二步: groupadd  dba

                                 groupadd  oinstall  //添加dba用户组 和oinstall用户组

                第三步: useradd oracle  -d  /home/oracle   -g   oinstall  -G dba  -m  //创建用户oracle  , 创建该用户的主文件夹/home/oracle , 设置该用户的初始用户组 oinstall,次要用户组 dba。-m 是强制创建用户主文件夹的意思,可写可不写。

                                 passwd oracle // 为oracle用户设置密码

                第四步: 预先创建安装目录

                                 mkdir  -p   /opt/oracle/product

                                 mkdir  -p   /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0

                                 mkdir   -p   /opt/oraInventory

                                 mkdir   -p   /opt/oracle/oradata

                                 设置目录的所有者所属组和权限

                                 chown  -R  oracle.oinstall   /opt/oracle   //设置/opt/oracle的所有者为oracle  用户组为oinstall

                                 chown  -R   oracle.oinstall   /opt/oracle /oradata
                                 chown  -R   oracle.oinstall   /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0

                                 chown  -R   oracle.dba  /opt/oraInventory

                                 chown   oracle.dba  /opt/oracle

                第五步: 设置环境变量

                                 (1) su - oracle    // 切换到oracle用户

                                 (2) cd                 //进去主文件夹目录下

                                 (3) vim .bash_profile    // 打开环境变量设置文件

                                 (4)  添加 如下环境变量

                                         export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
                                         export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
                                         export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
                                         export ORACLE_SID=orcl
                                         export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:.:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
                                         export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
                                         export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"

                                         注:添加之前, 默认环境变量中会有PATH环境变量,切记将其注释掉

                                         #PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
                                         #export PATH

                                        保存并退出

                                   (5)  .   .bash_profile  // 使.bash_profile文件立即生效

              3. 上传oracle11g文件到oracle用户主文件夹下,并安装

                 第一步: 检查是否是oracle用户登录 (whoami命令)

                 第二步: mkdir  /home/oracle/oraclesetup  // 创建oraclesetup 文件夹

                 第三步:  将oracle11g文件传到oraclesetup 文件夹, 并解压

                                  unzip     linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

                                  unzip     linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

                                 生成database文件夹

                 第四步:   chmod +x  install/.oui

                                    chmod  +x  install/unzip

                                    chmod +x  runInstaller   //确定这三个文件有执行权限,有了可以不执行该三个命令

                  第五步: oracle账户登录图形界面, 右击鼠标右键,打开一个命令端口(是图形界面中打开一个命令端口);

                                    进入database目录

                                   一般有如下文件说明上述步骤基本执行正确

                                  

                 第六步: 将该终端的语系设置成英文的,否则一会打开oracle图形安装界面会出现乱码

                                   export LANG=en_US.UTF8

                 第七步: 执行runInstaller界面

                                  (1)runInstaller

                                   出现图形安装界面

                                  

                                 Email不用填, 下面勾选框取消勾选,下一步

                                 (2)

                                      选择 创建和配置数据库  选项, 下一步

                                  (3) 选择 desktop  class版(学习用)

                                 (4) 

                                       注意字符集(character set)配置为unicode(AL32UTF8), 创建用户密码(需要数字,字母大小写结合), 其余默认就行,下一步

                                 (5)  "Prerequisite Checks", 默认,下一步,出现界面,勾选“ignore all”,下一步                             

                                       

                                (6)  "summary"默认, 点击“finish”

                                        然后慢慢等待解压安装

                                        途中有可能会出现如下报错:  Error in invoking target 'agent nmhs' of makefile,解决方法如下

                                       

                                           之后, “retry”,当看到如下界面便ok了

                                          

                  4. 配置监听程序

                       第一步: 重新在图形界面打开一个命令端口,输入netca, 出现如下窗口, 选择“Listener configuration”

                                      

                                       如果netca后,命令行端口提示无此命令,则oracle用户退出, 再次重新登录图形界面,打开命令行界面,设置语系

                                       export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

                                       执行netca

                     第二步:按如下步骤进行

                                     

                                    

                                     yes

                                     默认

                                    

                                   

              5.  配置另一监听器

                                   

                                   

                                   

                                   

                                   

                                    填入你的主机IP

                                   

                                   

                                   

                                     最终finish

          6.  测试

               oracle登录文字界面,测试

               

                成功!!!

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