centos7系统安装oracle11g指南
准备工作: centos7系统正常工作且已经联网。 centos7有图形界面,因为后续安装有需要图形界面操作 oracle11g安装包下载完成(下载资源网址http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linuxsoft-098940-zhs.html)
准备工作:
centos7系统正常工作且已经联网。
centos7有图形界面,因为后续安装有需要图形界面操作
oracle11g安装包下载完成(下载资源网址http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/112010-linuxsoft-098940-zhs.html)
安装步骤:
1. 安装oracle11g之前,先要安装centos几个系统包
compat-libstdc++-33.i686
elfutils-libelf-devel.i686
libstdc++-devel.i686
gcc-c++.i686
libaio-devel.i686
unixODBC.i686
unixODBC-devel.i686
安装方法: 联网状态下,使用yum命令。
yum search 包名 // 搜索镜像站点的资源,看是否有该包。 不同系统可能包名名称多少有点差距,所以执行该步就是为了让不同系统的用户浏览本文档时,找到自己相对应的包,一般包名核心名称不会变,只是后面会加些版本号之类的。
yum install 包名 // 安装上述包, 一个一个挨个安装。 最好search一个包,找到对应包名,然后install该包
没网状态下,只能想办法从其它机器上下载这些包,再回来解压安装。
2. oracle必须有单独的linux用户去管理,所以必须新建用户
第一步: root用户登录
第二步: groupadd dba
groupadd oinstall //添加dba用户组 和oinstall用户组
第三步: useradd oracle -d /home/oracle -g oinstall -G dba -m //创建用户oracle , 创建该用户的主文件夹/home/oracle , 设置该用户的初始用户组 oinstall,次要用户组 dba。-m 是强制创建用户主文件夹的意思,可写可不写。
passwd oracle // 为oracle用户设置密码
第四步: 预先创建安装目录
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0
mkdir -p /opt/oraInventory
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradata
设置目录的所有者所属组和权限
chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle //设置/opt/oracle的所有者为oracle 用户组为oinstall
chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle /oradata
chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/product/11.2.0
chown -R oracle.dba /opt/oraInventory
chown oracle.dba /opt/oracle
第五步: 设置环境变量
(1) su - oracle // 切换到oracle用户
(2) cd //进去主文件夹目录下
(3) vim .bash_profile // 打开环境变量设置文件
(4) 添加 如下环境变量
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:.:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8"
注:添加之前, 默认环境变量中会有PATH环境变量,切记将其注释掉
#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
#export PATH
保存并退出
(5) . .bash_profile // 使.bash_profile文件立即生效
3. 上传oracle11g文件到oracle用户主文件夹下,并安装
第一步: 检查是否是oracle用户登录 (whoami命令)
第二步: mkdir /home/oracle/oraclesetup // 创建oraclesetup 文件夹
第三步: 将oracle11g文件传到oraclesetup 文件夹, 并解压
unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
生成database文件夹
第四步: chmod +x install/.oui
chmod +x install/unzip
chmod +x runInstaller //确定这三个文件有执行权限,有了可以不执行该三个命令
第五步: oracle账户登录图形界面, 右击鼠标右键,打开一个命令端口(是图形界面中打开一个命令端口);
进入database目录
一般有如下文件说明上述步骤基本执行正确
第六步: 将该终端的语系设置成英文的,否则一会打开oracle图形安装界面会出现乱码
export LANG=en_US.UTF8
第七步: 执行runInstaller界面
(1)runInstaller
出现图形安装界面
Email不用填, 下面勾选框取消勾选,下一步
(2)
选择 创建和配置数据库 选项, 下一步
(3) 选择 desktop class版(学习用)
(4)
注意字符集(character set)配置为unicode(AL32UTF8), 创建用户密码(需要数字,字母大小写结合), 其余默认就行,下一步
(5) "Prerequisite Checks", 默认,下一步,出现界面,勾选“ignore all”,下一步
(6) "summary"默认, 点击“finish”
然后慢慢等待解压安装
途中有可能会出现如下报错: Error in invoking target 'agent nmhs' of makefile,解决方法如下
之后, “retry”,当看到如下界面便ok了
4. 配置监听程序
第一步: 重新在图形界面打开一个命令端口,输入netca, 出现如下窗口, 选择“Listener configuration”
如果netca后,命令行端口提示无此命令,则oracle用户退出, 再次重新登录图形界面,打开命令行界面,设置语系
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
执行netca
第二步:按如下步骤进行
yes
默认
5. 配置另一监听器
填入你的主机IP
最终finish
6. 测试
oracle登录文字界面,测试
成功!!!

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