3. SQL语言基础
SQL语言: 数据定义语言(DDL,defination,CREAT、ALTER、DROP)、数据查询语言(DQL)、数据操纵语言(DML,INSERT、DELETE、UPDATE)、数据控制语言(DCL) 数据定义: CREATE创建表、视图,索引 创建表: 创建视图: Oracle数据库的视图可以修改,标准SQ
SQL语言: 数据定义语言(DDL,defination,CREAT、ALTER、DROP)、数据查询语言(DQL)、数据操纵语言(DML,INSERT、DELETE、UPDATE)、数据控制语言(DCL)数据定义: CREATE创建表、视图,索引 创建表:



DROP删除表、视图、索引 删除表:DROP TABLE 删除视图:DROP VIEW 删除索引:DROP INDEX
ALTER增加列、修改列、删除约束,不可以删除列

数据查询: 简单查询 distinct:去重复 Oracle判断一个条件的值时,会有TRUE、FALSE、UNKNOWN(遇到NULL时)
GROUP BY:ROLLUP、CUBE、 HAVING:对分组结果进行筛选
多表连接查询: 简单连接、inner join、left join、right join、natural join、自连接
集合操作:不能在BLOB、LONG的大数据类型上进行集合操作 UNION:并运算
UNION ALL:并运算
INTERSECT:交运算
MINUS:差运算
子查询: IN:列的值与子查询返回结果中的值进行比较
EXISTS:子查询中是否存在查询结果
数据操纵: 一般INSERT:
批量INSERT:INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME[col1,col2..] SubQuery
UPDATE:也可以通过子查询赋值
DELETE:删除后可以用ROLLBACK恢复数据
TRUNCATE:删除数据,速度快,不产生回滚信息,不可恢复数据。可结合关键字REUSE STORAGE、DROP STORAGE(默认,删除就立即释放存储空间)使用
数据控制: GRANT:授予权限
GRANT [,]... [ON]
TO[,]...
[WITH GRANT OPTION]
权限:
对象 | 对象类型 | 操作权限 |
列 | TABLE COLUMN | SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE、ALL PRIVILEGES |
视图 | TABLE VIEW | SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE、ALL PRIVILEGES |
基表 | TABLE | SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE、ALTER、INDEX、ALL PRIVILEGES |
数据库 | DATABASE | CREATETAB |
REVOKE:收回权限,收回权限可以级联
REVOKE [,]...
[ON ]
FROM [,...]
ORACLE常用函数:

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