Table of Contents
1. 自然连接
2. 重定向
3. 插入数据
4. 删除数据
5. 清空表
6. 更新表
Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql 学习笔记4

mysql 学习笔记4

Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:51 PM
mysql study notes my own connect pass

1. 自然连接 通过mysql 自己的判断完成连接的过程, 而不需要指定连接条件, mysql使用多个表中的相同字段作为连接条件。 内连接 natural join ? inner join using 左外连接 natural left join ? left join using 右外连接 natural right join ? right join

1. 自然连接

  1. 通过mysql 自己的判断完成连接的过程, 而不需要指定连接条件, mysql使用多个表中的相同字段作为连接条件。

    • 内连接 natural join ? inner join using
      这里写图片描述
    • 左外连接 natural left join ? left join using
      这里写图片描述
    • 右外连接 natural right join ? right join using
      ps: left join 和 right join 之间是可以相互转化的
  2. 支持多表连接查询
    这里写图片描述

  3. 小结
    这个图片, 传上来就是这个样子, 也不知道该怎么旋转, 如果有人知道怎么弄的话, 恳请指教一下。
    这里写图片描述

2. 重定向

  1. mysql 除了可以将输出结果返回到界面上, 也可以将输出结果写入到文件中。
<code class=" hljs cs"><span class="hljs-keyword">select</span> * <span class="hljs-keyword">into</span> outfile xxx <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> ....</code>
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需要注意的是,他不允许重写已经存在的文件, 但是可以创建新的文件。默认使用’\t’区分字段, 使用’\n’区分记录, 可以修改。
这里写图片描述
这里写图片描述
这里写图片描述
这里写图片描述

3. 插入数据

  1. 使用 insert into 插入数据
    这里写图片描述
  2. 当插入数据冲突的时候, 可以使用on duplicate key update 进行更新数据
    这里写图片描述
  3. 另外需要注意, 我们可以使用select 查询得到的子句的结果来进行插入
    这里写图片描述
  4. default
    这里写图片描述
  5. replace into 用于插入数据, 可以处理主键或者唯一索引冲突问题
  6. load data infile 可以用来设置从文件中导入数据, 以及数据的格式

4. 删除数据

  1. delete from xxx limit n
    这里写图片描述
  2. limit 用来限制记录的数目, 可以与order by 配合使用
  3. 支持连接删除, 可以用来模拟外键约束
<code class=" hljs livecodeserver"><span class="hljs-built_in">delete</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">from</span> <span class="hljs-constant">one</span>, <span class="hljs-constant">two</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">using</span> <span class="hljs-constant">one</span> join <span class="hljs-constant">two</span> <span class="hljs-command"><span class="hljs-keyword">on</span> <span class="hljs-title">xxx</span> <span class="hljs-title">where</span> <span class="hljs-title">xxx</span></span></code>
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5. 清空表

  1. truncate 直接将表格删除然后新建一个表, 因而, 他的自动增长索引是从0 开始计算的。
  2. 而 delete from table 数据删除了, 但是他们的自动增长的索引值不不会变为 0 的。

6. 更新表

  1. replace / insert on duplicate key update
  2. 条件更新, limit, order by & limit etc
  3. 支持多个表同时更新
<code class=" hljs sql"><span class="hljs-operator"><span class="hljs-keyword">update</span> [one <span class="hljs-keyword">join</span> two <span class="hljs-keyword">on</span> xxx] <span class="hljs-keyword">set</span> xxx <span class="hljs-keyword">where</span> xxx</span></code>
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