The basic uses of html include links, style sheets, span and div, etc._HTML/Xhtml_Web page production

1. Links
Hypertext links in HTML are very important. The basic format is as follows:

Link text

1. Local link
①Absolute road strength:
Absolute road strength links to local pictures
②Relative road strength
Relative road strength links to local pictures
③ Link to the upper-level directory

Link to the upper-level directory

2. URL link
Format: protocol name: //host.domain name/roadjin /filename
Protocols include:
file local system file
http WWW server
ftp ftp server
telnet TELNET based protocol
mailto email
news Usenet news group
gopher GOPHER server
wais WAIS server

Such as: Baidu

3. Directory link
First set a certain paragraph as the link position, format For:

Then call the file in this link part and define the link:
Link text
Of course, if you jump within a file, the file name You can omit it and don’t write it.

2. Multi-view window FRAMES
HTML files designed using the FRAMES structure can divide the entire window into several independent small windows. Each small window can load different files and can communicate with each other.
1. Basic structure:







...


2. Size settings of each window
We divide the window into several pieces, using the ROWS attribute for horizontal division and vertical division Using the COLS attribute, the size of each block can be implemented by the values ​​of these two attributes.

The value of
# is a pair of strings enclosed in quotation marks. The numbers in the string represent the size of each window, separated by commas, where The number can also be replaced by "*", indicating that the size is automatically allocated by the browser. For example,


Evenly distribute the windows beyond 100 pixels
3. Interaction between windows
①The src attribute of the frame is used to specify the link content, the name attribute specifies the name of the window, and the target attribute is used to specify which window the linked file appears in. Its value can be the name defined by name, or it can be the following four types of values:
Display A new window
Displayed in the same window
Displayed in the window of the previous file in Frameset
Displayed in the entire browser window
②Other properties of frame
#=yes,no
frameborder specifies the setting of each window border: yes means there is a border, no means no border

The value of
# is the pixel point. The properties are used to set the width of the top, bottom, left and right borders of the window. If not set, the browser will automatically determine it.

#=yes,no,auto
Scroll bar setting, yes means yes, no means no, auto means automatically set by the browser, the default value is auto.


The noresize attribute specifies that the user cannot resize the frame. By default, frames can be resized by dragging the "walls" between them, and this property locks the size of the frames.

3. Style sheet
1. The most important role of style sheet is to provide a method to keep the style of all web pages consistent.
The three levels of style sheets, in order from low level to high level, are:
①. Built-in (inline) style sheet: applicable to the content of a single element
②. Document level (document level) style sheet : Applicable to the main body of the entire document
③. External (external) style sheet: Can be applied to the main body of multiple documents
When used, if a conflict occurs, the low-level style sheet has priority in use. .
2. Issues to note when using CSS:
① Some browsers may not support certain attribute values. In this case, the browser will either ignore these attribute values ​​or replace them with an optional value.
②The built-in style only adapts to a single element, which actually violates the original design intention of the style sheet, so it should be used with caution.
③Document level style description appears in the header of the document and applies to the entire body of the document. Therefore, this is how the overall style of website construction can be kept consistent.
④The external style sheet is not part of the document in which it is used. The external style sheet needs to be stored separately and must be explained when using it. External style sheets can be written into some text files using the MIME type text/css. They can be stored in any computer on the Internet. The browser obtains the external style sheet just like obtaining the document. The element at the head of a web page can also be used to specify an external style sheet. In , the rel attribute is used to specify the relationship between the linked document and the document containing the link, and the href attribute is used to specify the style sheet document. URL address. Such as


4. Use of span and div

In some cases, some special font attributes are required It only applies to part of the text of the entire paragraph, such as setting a certain word or phrase to a different font or background, etc. This is done by using the element, for example:

I like programming very much, it is a very pleasant thing.

Usage of

In web pages, sections are a very common form. Each section consists of several paragraphs. If in the design, it is hoped that not only each paragraph can be Styling sections in web pages. At this time, you can use

. Its main purpose is to specify the appearance display details of a certain section or area in the web page.