Home > Database > Mysql Tutorial > MySQL5.6为什么关闭元数据统计信息自动更新&统计信息收集源代码

MySQL5.6为什么关闭元数据统计信息自动更新&统计信息收集源代码

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-07 14:55:41
Original
1054 people have browsed it

问题描述: MySQL 5.5.15 原sql如下: select constraint_schema,table_name,constraint_name,constraint_type from information_schema.table_constraints where table_schema not in ('information_schema', 'mysql', 'test',‘performance_schema’); 不

问题描述:

MySQL 5.5.15 原sql如下:

select constraint_schema,table_name,constraint_name,constraint_type from information_schema.table_constraints where table_schema not in ('information_schema', 'mysql', 'test',‘performance_schema’);  

 不只是上面提到的table_constraintsinformation_schema库下的一下几个表,访问时候都会触发这个“顺手”操作。

information_schema.TABLES

information_schema.STATISTICS

information_schema.PARTITIONS

information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE

information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS

information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS

show table status  . .

show index from ...

innodb_stats_on_metadata=on 都会触发自动更新统计信息。

问题:

5.6 开始默认innodb_stats_on_metadata=off,why??? 答:为了防止自动更新统计信息在DB高峰时导致BP的swap;查询性能大幅度抖动。

没有定期更新统计信息了么??答:有啊,而且可以是持久化的。


我看到的MySQL 5.5.15 这个版本还是条件是====>

counter > 2000000000 || ((ib_int64_t)counter > 16 + table->stat_n_rows / 16)

下面做了对MySQL 收集统计信息做了扩展:


一.下面针对MySQL community(5.5.15、5.5.36、5.6.16)源代码分析:

1.下面是对MySQL-5.5.15 的源代码的分析:

./storage/innobase/row/row0mysql.c 

/*********************************************************************//**
Updates the table modification counter and calculates new estimates
for table and index statistics if necessary. */
UNIV_INLINE
void
row_update_statistics_if_needed(
/*============================*/
	dict_table_t*	table)	/*!< in: table */
{
	ulint	counter;

	counter = table->stat_modified_counter;

	table->stat_modified_counter = counter + 1;

	/* Calculate new statistics if 1 / 16 of table has been modified
	since the last time a statistics batch was run, or if
	stat_modified_counter > 2 000 000 000 (to avoid wrap-around).
	We calculate statistics at most every 16th round, since we may have
	a counter table which is very small and updated very often. */

	if (counter > 2000000000
	    || ((ib_int64_t)counter > 16 + table->stat_n_rows / 16)) {

		dict_update_statistics(table, FALSE /* update even if stats
						    are initialized */);
	}
}
Copy after login

从上面可以看出更新统计信息的条件是:

counter > 2000000000 || ((ib_int64_t)counter > 16 + table->stat_n_rows / 16)


2.下面是对MySQL-5.5.36 的源代码的分析:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

#通过更新统计信息stat_modified_counter,每个表都有这个表里来维护:

./storage/innobase/row/row0mysql.c

/*********************************************************************//**
Updates the table modification counter and calculates new estimates
for table and index statistics if necessary. */
UNIV_INLINE
void
row_update_statistics_if_needed(
/*============================*/
        dict_table_t*   table)  /*!< in: table */
{
        ulint   counter;

        counter = table->stat_modified_counter;

        table->stat_modified_counter = counter + 1;

        if (DICT_TABLE_CHANGED_TOO_MUCH(table)) {

                dict_update_statistics(
                        table,
                        FALSE, /* update even if stats are initialized */
                        TRUE /* only update if stats changed too much */);
        }
}

/*********************************************************************/
Copy after login

规则:每一次DML操作导致1 行更新,stat_modified_counter加1,直到满足更新统计信息的条件,stat_modified_counter的值自动重置为0。


#更新统计信息的条件:(有超过1/16的row被更改过会更新表的条件信息

./storage/innobase/include/dict0dict.h

/** Calculate new statistics if 1 / 16 of table has been modified
since the last time a statistics batch was run.
We calculate statistics at most every 16th round, since we may have
a counter table which is very small and updated very often.
@param t table
@return true if the table has changed too much and stats need to be
recalculated
*/
#define DICT_TABLE_CHANGED_TOO_MUCH(t) \
        ((ib_int64_t) (t)->stat_modified_counter > 16 + (t)->stat_n_rows / 16)

/*********************************************************************/
Copy after login


* 这样有个性能问题,若有多个线程同时检测到阈值,也即是并发调用会多次,,会导致dict_update_statistics函数多次的调用,浪费了系统资源。

解决方法在dict_update_statistics{}函数对stat_modified_counter加锁,避免并发执行。


#统计新跟更新函数:dict_update_statistics

./storage/innobase/dict/dict0dict.c

/*********************************************************************//**
Calculates new estimates for table and index statistics. The statistics
are used in query optimization. */
UNIV_INTERN
void
dict_update_statistics(
/*===================*/
        dict_table_t*   table,          /*!< in/out: table */
        ibool           only_calc_if_missing_stats,/*!< in: only
                                        update/recalc the stats if they have
                                        not been initialized yet, otherwise
                                        do nothing */
        ibool           only_calc_if_changed_too_much)/*!< in: only
                                        update/recalc the stats if the table
                                        has been changed too much since the
                                        last stats update/recalc */
{
        dict_index_t*   index;
        ulint           sum_of_index_sizes      = 0;

        DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("skip_innodb_statistics", return;);
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copy after login

可以优化成:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1) x

2) 索引统计

3) stat_modified_counter 0

4) 解锁

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.下面我们来看下对MySQL 5.6.16 的源代码的分析:

MySQL版本:MySQL 5.6.16-log。

./storage/innobase/row/row0mysql.cc

void
row_update_statistics_if_needed(
/*============================*/
        dict_table_t*   table)  /*!< in: table */
{
        ib_uint64_t     counter;
        ib_uint64_t     n_rows;

        if (!table->stat_initialized) {
                DBUG_EXECUTE_IF(
                        "test_upd_stats_if_needed_not_inited",
                        fprintf(stderr, "test_upd_stats_if_needed_not_inited "
                                "was executed\n");
                );
                return;
        }

        counter = table->stat_modified_counter++;
        n_rows = dict_table_get_n_rows(table);

        if (dict_stats_is_persistent_enabled(table)) {
                if (counter > n_rows / 10 /* 10% */
                    && dict_stats_auto_recalc_is_enabled(table)) {

                        dict_stats_recalc_pool_add(table);
                        table->stat_modified_counter = 0;
                }
                return;
        }

        /* Calculate new statistics if 1 / 16 of table has been modified
        since the last time a statistics batch was run.
        We calculate statistics at most every 16th round, since we may have
        a counter table which is very small and updated very often. */

        if (counter > 16 + n_rows / 16 /* 6.25% */) {

                ut_ad(!mutex_own(&dict_sys->mutex));
                /* this will reset table->stat_modified_counter to 0 */
                dict_stats_update(table, DICT_STATS_RECALC_TRANSIENT);
        }
}

/*********************************************************************/
Copy after login

从上面的代码看可以看出:

1.对InnoDB表统计信息持久化时,表的row发生变化大于10%(counter > n_rows / 10 /* 10%)并且<span style="color:rgb(79,129,189);">innodb_stats_auto_recalc</span><span style="color:rgb(79,129,189);">=on,统计信信息会更新(虽然</span><span style="color:rgb(79,129,189);">innodb_stats_auto_recalc</span><span style="color:rgb(79,129,189);"><span style="color:rgb(2,103,137);font-family:'Courier New', Courier, fixed, monospace;font-size:13.63636302948px;font-weight:bold;line-height:25.2000007629395px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);">=on是自动重新计算,但是也是异步的,可能会延时,比如当瞬间的DML批量操作就可能有延时</span>)</span>

2.统计信息非持久化还是和5.5 一致的(表的row发生变化大于1/16时更新统计信息

3.切记:不能完全依赖于MySQL本身的机制来更新统计信息,线上一些表不及时更新统计信息的我遇到过多次,针对这样的表,我在夜间定期analyze table xxx;


二.MySQL 5.6的改进:

可以配置统计信息的持久化和非持久化(非持久化:5.6之前都是这种)

相关参数:

持久化:

innodb_stats_persistent:on(1)

innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages:20

非持久化:

innodb_stats_sample_pages:8

相关表:

mysql.innodb_index_stats

mysql.innodb_table_stats

From 5.6.6 开始,统计信息默认是持久化的(即innodb_stats_persistent=on),使用参数innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages的值,来采样,此时非持久化的参数innodb_stats_sample_pages就无效。

From 5.6.6 开始,使用非持久化的统计信息:

1.set innodb_stats_persistent=0;

2.create|alter table stats_persistent=0;

对单个表开启:

create|alter table...STATS_PERSISTENT [=] {DEFAULT|0|1}
Copy after login

DEFAULT:table的统计信息是否持久化由参数 innodb_stats_persistent 决定。\

总结:From 5.6.6 开始,要么开启统计信息持久化,要么是还用以前的非持久化,二者选一。


参考相关参数:

innodb_stats_method: nulls_equalnulls_unequal, and nulls_ignored
myisam_stats_method:nulls_equalnulls_unequal, and nulls_ignored

<span style="font-size:19px;">--------------------------------------------------------------</span>

<span style="color:#488CF2;">基数即value group=N/s (N:表行数 S:average group size)<br>基数(VG)|值组为不重复的值的个数<br></span>

<span style="color:#488CF2;">nulls_equal:所有的NULL都相等,算作一个值组,这样一旦null值很多的情况下,<span style="font-size:13.6000003814697px;line-height:25.2000007629395px;">average group size偏大,导致基数偏小。</span></span>

<span style="color:#488CF2;">nulls_unequal:<span style="font-size:13.6000003814697px;line-height:25.2000007629395px;">每一个NULL都相等,算作一个值组,这样一旦null值很多的情况下,如果non-null值组大,而null的值组过多,导致average group size偏小,导致基数偏大,可能导致误走索引</span></span>

<span style="color:#488CF2;">nulls_ignored:所有的null都忽略,不记录索引。</span>

<span style="font-size:19px;">--------------------------------------------------------------</span>

参考:

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_stats_method

source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template