Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle数据库导入导出实战

Oracle数据库导入导出实战

Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:58 PM

有一台Oracle服务器要进行导出、导入,以前接触过Oracle,可是对Oracle导出、导入没研究过,这下急坏我了,于是赶紧上网补了一下

有一台Oracle服务器要进行导出、导入,以前接触过Oracle,可是对Oracle导出、导入没研究过,这下急坏我了,于是赶紧上网补了一下。操作结果如下:

Oracle 数据导出导入
第一步 创建用户的表空间和数据文件
以oracle的用户的登录
[oracle@oracle ~]$ ps -ef|grep pmon|grep -v grep
oracle    4052    1  0 Jun23 ?        00:00:10 ora_pmon_zlzxdb
oracle    4488    1  0 Jun23 ?        00:00:07 ora_pmon_yibiaodb
由pmon进程可以看出我有两个实例,,多实例登录需要切换环境变量
[oracle@oracle ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=zlzxdb
[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba    ## 以dba的身份登录
SQL> conn / as sysdba  链接到数据库中
已连接。
SQL> select username,default_tablespace from user_users;  查看当前登录的用户

USERNAME                      DEFAULT_TABLESPACE
------------------------------ ------------------------------
SYS                            SYSTEM

SQL> show parameter instance_name;    查看当前的实例

NAME                                TYPE
------------------------------------ --------------------------------
VALUE
------------------------------
instance_name                        string
zlzxdb
SQL> select name from v$database;      查看当前的数据库名称
 
NAME
---------
ZLZXDB

SQL> select name from v$datafile;  查询数据文件路径

create bigfile tablespace xmjidian datafile
‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlzxdb/disk4/oracle_xmjidian_data.dbf’ size 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON;  创建大数据文件并且自动增长

create USER xmjidian IDENTIFIED BY xmjidian; 创建xmjidna并且设置密码为xmjidan。或者创建用户的指定用户的默认表空间使用下面的语法,也可以最后修改为用户的默认表空间
CREATE USER xmjidian IDENTIFIED BY xmjidian DEFAULT TABLESPACE xmjidna;
SQL>alter user xmjidian default tablespace xmjidian; 修改xmjidian用户默认的表空间为xmjidian

grant dba to xmjidian; 授予dba的权限,一般情况下这个授权太大,导入完数据之后可以收回dba的权限或者给用户直接授权
grant connect,resource,create any view to xmjidian;

创建导出导入目录并授予权限
创建导出目录
create directory exp_dir as ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlzxdb/share_data’;

给导出目录授予权限
grant read,write on directory exp_dir to xmjidian;

创建导入目录
create or replace directory data_dir as '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlzxdb/share_data ';

grant read,write on directory data_dir to xmjidian;

查询创建的导出导入文件目录以及名称
select * from dba_directories;

数据导出导入 
导出zlzxdb 下的
expdp zlzxdb/zlzxdb@zlzxdbrw schemas=zlzxdb dumpfile=oracle_xmjidian.dmp
DIRECTORY=exp_dir;

数据导出比较慢耐心等待

数据导入 
以xmjidian的用户导入数据

impdp  xmjidian/xmjidian@zlzxdb directory=data_dir dumpfile=oracle_xmjidian.dmp
  remap_schema=zlzxdb:xmjidian exclude=user full=y;

impdp yibiaodb01/yibiaodb01 DIRECTORY=dump_dir DUMPFILE=ybljt02_20150706.dmp REMAP_SCHEMA=ybljt02:yibiaodb01 remap_tablespace=ybljt02data:YIBIAODB01DATA01,ybljt02index:YIBIAODB01INDEX01

导出数据故障解决:
ORA-01653: 表 XMJIDIAN.LZ901017 无法通过 8192 (在表空间 ZLZXDATA01 中) 扩展 此类故障时因为zlzxdata01 表空间不足引起的,

解决:给zlzxdata01 增加表空间
ALTER TABLESPACE zlzxdata01 ADD DATAFILE  ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zlzxdb/disk4/oracle_xmjidian_zlzxddata01.dbf' size 2048M AUTOEXTEND ON;

select * from dba_role_privs where grantee = 'ZLZXDB';  查看zlzxdb用户的权限

本文永久更新链接地址

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