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使用MySQL命令行备份及恢复数据库

Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:58 PM
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使用MySQL命令行,可以实现对数据库的备份以及恢复,下面就为您介绍使用MySQL命令行实现该功能的详细方法步骤,供您参考。

使用MySQL命令行,可以实现对数据库的备份以及恢复,下面就为您介绍使用MySQL命令行实现该功能的详细方法步骤,供您参考。

MySQL命令行导出数据库:
1,进入MySQL目录下的bin文件夹:cd MySQL中到bin文件夹的目录
如我输入的命令行:cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1\bin
(或者直接将windows的环境变量path中添加该目录)

2,导出数据库:mysqldump -u 用户名 -p 数据库名 > 导出的文件名
如我输入的命令行:mysqldump -u root -p news > news.sql  (输入后会让你输入进入MySQL的密码)
(如果导出单张表的话在数据库名后面输入表名即可)

3、会看到文件news.sql自动生成到bin文件下

MySQL命令行导入数据库:

1,将要导入的.sql文件移至bin文件下,这样的路径比较方便
2,同上面导出的第1步
3,进入MySQL:mysql -u 用户名 -p
如我输入的命令行:mysql -u root -p  (输入同样后会让你输入MySQL的密码)
4,在MySQL-Front中新建你要建的数据库,这时是空数据库,如新建一个名为news的目标数据库
5,输入:mysql>use 目标数据库名
如我输入的命令行:mysql>use news;
6,导入文件:mysql>source 导入的文件名;
如我输入的命令行:mysql>source news.sql;

MySQL备份和还原,都是利用mysqldump、mysql和source命令来完成的。
1.Win32下MySQL的备份与还原
1.1 备份
开始菜单 | 运行 | cmd |利用“cd \Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.0\bin”命令进入bin文件夹 | 利用“mysqldump  -u 用户名 -p databasename >exportfilename”导出数据库到文件,如mysqldump -u root -p voice>voice.sql,然后输入密码即可开始导出。
 
1.2 还原
进入MySQL Command Line Client,输入密码,进入到“mysql>”,输入命令"show databases;",回车,看看有些什么数据库;建立你要还原的数据库,输入"create database voice;",回车;切换到刚建立的数据库,输入"use voice;",回车;导入数据,输入"source voice.sql;",回车,开始导入,再次出现"mysql>"并且没有提示错误即还原成功。
 
2.Linux下MySQL的备份与还原
2.1 备份
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql (进入到MySQL库目录,根据自己的MySQL的安装情况调整目录)
[root@localhost mysql]# mysqldump -u root -p voice>voice.sql,,输入密码即可。
2.2 还原
法一:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p 回车,输入密码,进入MySQL的控制台"mysql>",同1.2还原。
法二:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/mysql (进入到MySQL库目录,根据自己的MySQL的安装情况调整目录)
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p voice

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