Home Database Mysql Tutorial Sql Server系列:数据库操作

Sql Server系列:数据库操作

Jun 07, 2016 pm 02:59 PM
cr server sql create operate database series

1. 创建数据库 CREATE DATABASE语法: CREATE DATABASE database_name [ ON [ PRIMARY ] filespec [ ,...n ] [ , filegroup [ ,...n ] ] [ LOG ON filespec [ ,...n ] ] ] [ COLLATE collation_name ] filespec :: = {( NAME = logical_file_name , FILENAME

1. 创建数据库

  CREATE DATABASE语法:

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span><span> database_name 
</span><span>[</span><span> ON 
      [ PRIMARY </span><span>]</span> <span>filespec<span>></span> <span>[</span><span> ,...n </span><span>]</span> 
      <span>[</span><span> , <filegroup> [ ,...n </filegroup></span><span>]</span><span> ] 
      </span><span>[</span><span> LOG ON <filespec> [ ,...n </filespec></span><span>]</span><span> ] 
] 
</span><span>[</span><span> COLLATE collation_name </span><span>]</span>
<span>filespec<span>></span> ::<span>=</span><span> 
{
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span><span> logical_file_name ,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> { <span>'</span><span>os_file_name</span><span>'</span> <span>|</span> <span>'</span><span>filestream_path</span><span>'</span><span> } 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , SIZE = size [ KB | MB | GB | TB </span><span>]</span><span> ] 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , MAXSIZE = { max_size [ KB | MB | GB | TB </span><span>]</span> <span>|</span><span> UNLIMITED } ] 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , FILEGROWTH = growth_increment [ KB | MB | GB | TB | % </span><span>]</span><span> ]
)
}</span></span></span>
Copy after login

  ON:用来定义数据库的数据文件。PRIMARY指出其后所定义的文件是主数据文件,如果省略,则第一个定义的文件是主数据文件。

  LOG ON:用来定义数据库的日志文件。如果没有LOG ON,SQL Server将自动创建一个日志文件。

  数据库中的文件类型与推荐扩展名:主要数据文件.mdf ,次要数据文件.ndf ,事务日志.ldf 。

  创建未指定文件的数据库:

<span>--</span><span> Drop the database if it already exists</span>
<span>IF</span>  <span>EXISTS</span><span> (
    </span><span>SELECT</span><span> name 
        </span><span>FROM</span><span> sys.databases 
        </span><span>WHERE</span> name <span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal</span><span>'</span><span>
)
</span><span>DROP</span> <span>DATABASE</span><span> Portal
</span><span>GO</span>

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span><span> Portal
</span><span>GO</span>
Copy after login

  创建指定数据文件和事务日志文件的数据库:

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
 <span>ON</span>  <span>PRIMARY</span><span> 
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 5MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span><span> 1MB
 )
 </span><span>LOG</span> <span>ON</span><span>
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_log</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_log.ldf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 2MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span> <span>10</span><span>%</span><span>
)</span>
Copy after login

  创建数据库指定多个数据及事务日志文件:

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
 <span>ON</span>  <span>PRIMARY</span><span> 
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 5MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span><span> 1MB
 ),
 (
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_Data_2014</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_Data_2014.ndf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 5MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span><span> 1MB
 )
 </span><span>LOG</span> <span>ON</span><span>
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_log</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_log.ldf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 2MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span> <span>10</span><span>%</span><span>
),
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_log_2014</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_log_2014.ldf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 2MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span> <span>10</span><span>%</span><span>
)</span>
Copy after login

  创建具有文件组的数据库:

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
 <span>ON</span>  <span>PRIMARY</span><span> 
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 10MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span><span> 1MB
 ),
 FILEGROUP </span><span>[</span><span>div2014</span><span>]</span><span> 
 (
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_Data_2014</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_Data_2014.ndf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 5MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span><span> 1MB
 )
 </span><span>LOG</span> <span>ON</span><span>
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_log</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_log.ldf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 2MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span> <span>10</span><span>%</span><span>
)</span>
Copy after login

2. 修改数据库

  修改数据库语法:

<span>ALTER</span> <span>DATABASE</span><span> database_name 
{
    </span><span>add_or_modify_files<span>></span>
  <span>|</span> <span>add_or_modify_filegroups<span>></span><span>
}
</span><span>[</span><span>;</span><span>]</span>

<span>add_or_modify_files<span>></span>::<span>=</span><span>
{
    </span><span>ADD</span> <span>FILE</span> <span>filespec<span>></span> <span>[</span><span> ,...n </span><span>]</span> 
        <span>[</span><span> TO FILEGROUP { filegroup_name } </span><span>]</span>
  <span>|</span> <span>ADD</span> <span>LOG</span> <span>FILE</span> <span>filespec<span>></span> <span>[</span><span> ,...n </span><span>]</span> 
  <span>|</span> REMOVE <span>FILE</span><span> logical_file_name 
  </span><span>|</span> MODIFY <span>FILE</span> <span>filespec<span>></span><span>
}

</span><span>filespec<span>></span>::<span>=</span><span>  
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span><span> logical_file_name  
    </span><span>[</span><span> , NEWNAME = new_logical_name </span><span>]</span> 
    <span>[</span><span> , FILENAME = {'os_file_name' | 'filestream_path' | 'memory_optimized_data_path' } </span><span>]</span> 
    <span>[</span><span> , SIZE = size [ KB | MB | GB | TB </span><span>]</span><span> ] 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , MAXSIZE = { max_size [ KB | MB | GB | TB </span><span>]</span> <span>|</span><span> UNLIMITED } ] 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , FILEGROWTH = growth_increment [ KB | MB | GB | TB| % </span><span>]</span><span> ] 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , OFFLINE </span><span>]</span><span>
)  

</span><span>add_or_modify_filegroups<span>></span>::<span>=</span><span>
{
    </span><span>|</span> <span>ADD</span> FILEGROUP <span>filegroup_name</span> 
        <span>[</span><span> CONTAINS FILESTREAM | CONTAINS MEMORY_OPTIMIZED_DATA </span><span>]</span>
    <span>|</span> REMOVE FILEGROUP <span>filegroup_name</span> 
    <span>|</span> MODIFY FILEGROUP <span>filegroup_name</span><span>
        { </span><span>filegroup_updatability_option<span>></span>
        <span>|</span> <span>DEFAULT</span>
        <span>|</span> NAME <span>=</span><span> new_filegroup_name 
        }
}
</span><span>filegroup_updatability_option<span>></span>::<span>=</span><span>
{
    { READONLY </span><span>|</span><span> READWRITE } 
    </span><span>|</span> { READ_ONLY <span>|</span><span> READ_WRITE }
}</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
Copy after login

  新增文件组:

<span>ALTER</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span> <span>ADD</span> FILEGROUP <span>[</span><span>div2014</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

  新增文件指定文件组:

<span>ALTER</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span> <span>ADD</span> <span>FILE</span><span>
(
    NAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>Portal_Data_2014</span><span>'</span><span>,
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> N<span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_Data_2014.ndf</span><span>'</span><span> ,
    SIZE </span><span>=</span><span> 5MB ,
    FILEGROWTH </span><span>=</span><span> 1MB
)
</span><span>TO</span> FILEGROUP <span>[</span><span>div2014</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

  删除数据库文件:

<span>ALTER</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span> REMOVE <span>FILE</span> Portal_Data_2014
Copy after login

  修改数据名称:

<span>ALTER</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span> MODIFY NAME <span>=</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal_2014</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

<span>EXEC</span> sp_renamedb <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>, <span>[</span><span>Portal_2014</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

  修改设置默认文件组:

<span>ALTER</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span> MODIFY FILEGROUP <span>[</span><span>PRIMARY</span><span>]</span> <span>DEFAULT</span>
Copy after login

3. 删除数据库

  删除数据库语法:

<span>DROP</span> <span>DATABASE</span> { database_name <span>|</span> database_snapshot_name } <span>[</span><span> ,...n </span><span>]</span> <span>[</span><span>;</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

  示例:

<span>DROP</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

4. 分离数据库

  使用系统存储过程sp_detach_db分离数据库。

sp_detach_db <span>[</span><span> @dbname= </span><span>]</span> <span>'</span><span>database_name</span><span>'</span> 
    <span>[</span><span> , [ @skipchecks= </span><span>]</span> <span>'</span><span>skipchecks</span><span>'</span><span> ] 
    </span><span>[</span><span> , [ @keepfulltextindexfile = </span><span>]</span> <span>'</span><span>KeepFulltextIndexFile</span><span>'</span> ] 
Copy after login

<span>EXEC</span> sp_detach_db <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

  直接运行分离数据库的SQL语句,可能会提示有进程(用户)正在使用,分离失败。要解决这个问题,先查看哪些进程(用户)正在使用该数据库。

  查看用户和进程:

<span>USE</span> <span>[</span><span>master</span><span>]</span><span>
sp_who</span>
Copy after login

Sql Server系列:数据库操作

  先结束占用数据库的进程,再分离数据库:

USE [master]

KILL 55
KILL 56
KILL 57

<span>EXEC</span> sp_detach_db <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
Copy after login

5. 附加数据库

  使用CREATE DATABASE附加数据库:

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
<span>ON</span><span>
(
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> <span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span><span>
)
</span><span>FOR</span> ATTACH
Copy after login

<span>CREATE</span> <span>DATABASE</span> <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>
<span>ON</span><span>
(
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> <span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span><span>
),
(
    FILENAME </span><span>=</span> <span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal_log.ldf</span><span>'</span><span>
)
</span><span>FOR</span> ATTACH
Copy after login

  使用系统存储过程附加数据库:

<span>EXEC</span> sp_attach_db <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>, <span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span>
Copy after login

<span>EXEC</span> sp_attach_db <span>[</span><span>Portal</span><span>]</span>, <span>'</span><span>F:\Database\Portal.mdf</span><span>'</span>, 'F:\Database\Portal_log.ldf'
Copy after login

6. 查看数据库信息

  SQL Server中可以使用多种方式查看数据库信息,例如使用目录视图、函数、存储过程等。

6.1> 使用目录视图

  使用目录视图查看数据库基本信息:

  ◊ sys.databse_files:查看数据库文件信息;

  ◊ sys.filegroups:查看数据库组信息;

  ◊ sys.master_files:查看数据库文件的基本信息和状态信息;

  ◊ sys.database:数据库和文件目录视图查看数据库的基本信息。

<span>SELECT</span> <span>*</span> <span>FROM</span> sys.databases <span>WHERE</span> name <span>=</span> <span>'</span><span>Northwind</span><span>'</span>
Copy after login
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

What is the difference between HQL and SQL in Hibernate framework? What is the difference between HQL and SQL in Hibernate framework? Apr 17, 2024 pm 02:57 PM

HQL and SQL are compared in the Hibernate framework: HQL (1. Object-oriented syntax, 2. Database-independent queries, 3. Type safety), while SQL directly operates the database (1. Database-independent standards, 2. Complex executable queries and data manipulation).

Xiaomi 15 series full codenames revealed: Dada, Haotian, Xuanyuan Xiaomi 15 series full codenames revealed: Dada, Haotian, Xuanyuan Aug 22, 2024 pm 06:47 PM

The Xiaomi Mi 15 series is expected to be officially released in October, and its full series codenames have been exposed in the foreign media MiCode code base. Among them, the flagship Xiaomi Mi 15 Ultra is codenamed "Xuanyuan" (meaning "Xuanyuan"). This name comes from the Yellow Emperor in Chinese mythology, which symbolizes nobility. Xiaomi 15 is codenamed "Dada", while Xiaomi 15Pro is named "Haotian" (meaning "Haotian"). The internal code name of Xiaomi Mi 15S Pro is "dijun", which alludes to Emperor Jun, the creator god of "The Classic of Mountains and Seas". Xiaomi 15Ultra series covers

The best time to buy Huawei Mate 60 series, new AI elimination + image upgrade, and enjoy autumn promotions The best time to buy Huawei Mate 60 series, new AI elimination + image upgrade, and enjoy autumn promotions Aug 29, 2024 pm 03:33 PM

Since the Huawei Mate60 series went on sale last year, I personally have been using the Mate60Pro as my main phone. In nearly a year, Huawei Mate60Pro has undergone multiple OTA upgrades, and the overall experience has been significantly improved, giving people a feeling of being constantly new. For example, recently, the Huawei Mate60 series has once again received a major upgrade in imaging capabilities. The first is the new AI elimination function, which can intelligently eliminate passers-by and debris and automatically fill in the blank areas; secondly, the color accuracy and telephoto clarity of the main camera have been significantly upgraded. Considering that it is the back-to-school season, Huawei Mate60 series has also launched an autumn promotion: you can enjoy a discount of up to 800 yuan when purchasing the phone, and the starting price is as low as 4,999 yuan. Commonly used and often new products with great value

Detailed tutorial on establishing a database connection using MySQLi in PHP Detailed tutorial on establishing a database connection using MySQLi in PHP Jun 04, 2024 pm 01:42 PM

How to use MySQLi to establish a database connection in PHP: Include MySQLi extension (require_once) Create connection function (functionconnect_to_db) Call connection function ($conn=connect_to_db()) Execute query ($result=$conn->query()) Close connection ( $conn->close())

How does Hibernate implement polymorphic mapping? How does Hibernate implement polymorphic mapping? Apr 17, 2024 pm 12:09 PM

Hibernate polymorphic mapping can map inherited classes to the database and provides the following mapping types: joined-subclass: Create a separate table for the subclass, including all columns of the parent class. table-per-class: Create a separate table for subclasses, containing only subclass-specific columns. union-subclass: similar to joined-subclass, but the parent class table unions all subclass columns.

iOS 18 adds a new 'Recovered' album function to retrieve lost or damaged photos iOS 18 adds a new 'Recovered' album function to retrieve lost or damaged photos Jul 18, 2024 am 05:48 AM

Apple's latest releases of iOS18, iPadOS18 and macOS Sequoia systems have added an important feature to the Photos application, designed to help users easily recover photos and videos lost or damaged due to various reasons. The new feature introduces an album called "Recovered" in the Tools section of the Photos app that will automatically appear when a user has pictures or videos on their device that are not part of their photo library. The emergence of the "Recovered" album provides a solution for photos and videos lost due to database corruption, the camera application not saving to the photo library correctly, or a third-party application managing the photo library. Users only need a few simple steps

How to bind WeChat on Ele.me How to bind WeChat on Ele.me Apr 01, 2024 pm 03:46 PM

Ele.me is a software that brings together a variety of different delicacies. You can choose and place an order online. The merchant will make it immediately after receiving the order. Users can bind WeChat through the software. If you want to know the specific operation method , remember to check out the PHP Chinese website. Instructions on how to bind WeChat to Ele.me: 1. First open the Ele.me software. After entering the homepage, we click [My] in the lower right corner; 2. Then in the My page, we need to click [Account] in the upper left corner; 3. Then come to the personal information page where we can bind mobile phones, WeChat, Alipay, and Taobao. Here we click [WeChat]; 4. After the final click, select the WeChat account that needs to be bound in the WeChat authorization page and click Just [Allow];

An in-depth analysis of how HTML reads the database An in-depth analysis of how HTML reads the database Apr 09, 2024 pm 12:36 PM

HTML cannot read the database directly, but it can be achieved through JavaScript and AJAX. The steps include establishing a database connection, sending a query, processing the response, and updating the page. This article provides a practical example of using JavaScript, AJAX and PHP to read data from a MySQL database, showing how to dynamically display query results in an HTML page. This example uses XMLHttpRequest to establish a database connection, send a query and process the response, thereby filling data into page elements and realizing the function of HTML reading the database.

See all articles