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mysql修改表

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欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 修改表结构: alter [ignore] table table specification table structure change 包括表属性改变,列属性改变,完整性约束改变。 1.表属性改变 1.1重命名表名 mysql alter table student rename to

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  修改表结构:

  alter [ignore] table

  包括表属性改变,列属性改变,完整性约束改变。

  1.表属性改变

  1.1重命名表名

  mysql> alter table student rename to s;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

  也可以直接使用rename命令改名:

  mysql> rename table s to student;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)

  1.2表排序改变

  mysql> alter table student order by stu_id desc;

  mysql> select * from student;

  +--------+----------+---------+-----------+

  | stu_id | stu_name | stu_tel | stu_score |

  +--------+----------+---------+-----------+

  |      4 | d        |     154 |        63 |

  |      3 | c        |     153 |        62 |

  |      2 | b        |     152 |        61 |

  |      1 | a        |     151 |        60 |

  +--------+----------+---------+-----------+

  2列属性改变

  2.1 添加列

  mysql> alter table student

  -> add sex char(1) after stu_name;

  Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.34 sec)

  Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

  mysql> select * from student;

  +--------+----------+------+---------+-----------+

  | stu_id | stu_name | sex  | stu_tel | stu_score |

  +--------+----------+------+---------+-----------+

  |      1 | a        | NULL |     151 |        60 |

  |      2 | b        | NULL |     152 |        61 |

  |      3 | c        | NULL |     153 |        62 |

  |      4 | d        | NULL |     154 |        63 |

  +--------+----------+------+---------+-----------+

  4 rows in set (0.02 sec)

  新添加的列默认放在最后一列,且默认填充空值。这里使用after指定了新增列sex放在stu_name后面。如果新增列设置不能为空,那么mysql将根据列的数据类型填入实际的值:对于数值填入0,对于字符串填入空字符串,对于日期填入0000-00-00,对于时间填入00:00:00.

  2.2删除列

  mysql> alter table student

  -> drop sex;

  Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.33 sec)

  Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

  2.3修改列属性

  初始列属性:

  +-------------+-----------+

  | column_name | data_type |

  +-------------+-----------+

  | stu_id      | int       |

  | stu_name    | varchar   |

  | stu_tel     | int       |

  | stu_score   | int       |

  +-------------+-----------+

  将stu_tel列修改为tel char型,并放在stu_score后面。

  mysql> alter table student

  -> change stu_tel tel char(3) after stu_score;;

  Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.23 sec)

  +-------------+-----------+

  | column_name | data_type |

  +-------------+-----------+

  | stu_id      | int       |

  | stu_name    | varchar   |

  | stu_score   | int       |

  | tel         | char      |

  +-------------+-----------+

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mysql修改表

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