详解 Oracle 10g 中 MERGE 功能的增强
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 3、无条件的Inserts 你能够不用连接源表和目标表就把源表的数据插入到目标表中. 这对于你想插入所有行到目标表时是非常有用的. Oracle 10g现在支持在ON条件中使用常量过滤谓词. 举个常量过滤谓词例
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入
3、无条件的Inserts
你能够不用连接源表和目标表就把源表的数据插入到目标表中. 这对于你想插入所有行到目标表时是非常有用的. Oracle 10g现在支持在ON条件中使用常量过滤谓词. 举个常量过滤谓词例子ON (1=0). 下面例子从源表插入行到表PRODUCTS, 不检查这些行是否在表PRODUCTS中存在:
<ccid_code>SQL> MERGE INTO products p 2 USING newproducts np 3 ON (1=0) 4 WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN 5 INSERT 6 VALUES (np.product_id, np.product_name, np.category) 7 WHERE np.category = 'BOOKS' SQL> / 1 row merged. SQL> SELECT * FROM products; PRODUCT_ID PRODUCT_NAME CATEGORY ---------- -------------------- ---------- 1501 VIVITAR 35MM ELECTRNCS 1502 OLYMPUS IS50 ELECTRNCS 1600 PLAY GYM TOYS 1601 LAMAZE TOYS 1666 HARRY POTTER DVD 1700 WAIT INTERFACE BOOKS 6 rows selected. SQL></ccid_code> Copy after login |
4、新增加的DELETE子句
Oracle 10g中的MERGE提供了在执行数据操作时清除行的选项. 你能够在WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE子句中包含DELETE子句. DELETE子句必须有一个WHERE条件来删除匹配某些条件的行.匹配DELETE WHERE条件但不匹配ON条件的行不会被从表中删除.
下面例子验证DELETE子句. 我们从表NEWPRODUCTS中合并行到表PRODUCTS中, 但删除category为ELECTRNCS的行.
<ccid_code>SQL> MERGE INTO products p 2 USING newproducts np 3 ON (p.product_id = np.product_id) 4 WHEN MATCHED THEN 5 UPDATE 6 SET p.product_name = np.product_name, 7 p.category = np.category 8 DELETE WHERE (p.category = 'ELECTRNCS') 9 WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN 10 INSERT 11 VALUES (np.product_id, np.product_name, np.category) SQL> / 4 rows merged. SQL> SELECT * FROM products; PRODUCT_ID PRODUCT_NAME CATEGORY ---------- -------------------- ---------- 1501 VIVITAR 35MM ELECTRNCS 1600 PLAY GYM TOYS 1601 LAMAZE TOYS 1666 HARRY POTTER TOYS 1700 WAIT INTERFACE BOOKS SQL></ccid_code> Copy after login |
产品ID为1502的行从表PRODUCTS中被删除, 因为它同时匹配ON条件和DELETE WHERE条件. 产品ID为1501的行匹配DELETE WHERE条件但不匹配ON条件, 所以它没有被删除. 产品ID为1700 的行不匹配ON条件, 所以被插入表PRODUCTS. 产品ID为1601和1666的行匹配ON条件但不匹配DELETE WHERE条件, 所以被更新为表NEWPRODUCTS中的值.
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