在 Oracle 中如何确定远程 session 客户端的 IP 地址
在 Oracle 中如何确定远程 session 客户端的 IP 地址 前几天,Daniel 所在的环境多个数据库发生了一件惨案:我们把所有数据库主机、数据库的密码更改后, 硬件总集成的一台 windows 主机安装了一个 Oracle数据库监控工具,不断尝试利用错误的密码(有错有对
在 Oracle 中如何确定远程 session 客户端的 IP 地址前几天,Daniel 所在的环境多个数据库发生了一件惨案:我们把所有数据库主机、数据库的密码更改后,
硬件总集成的一台 windows 主机安装了一个 Oracle数据库监控工具,不断尝试利用错误的密码(有错有对)
连接到我们的数据库中,导致生产环境多个数据库发生大量的 library cache lock 等待事件,虽说对应用
没带来影响,但是给数据库运维带来了巨*烦,所有的登录尝试都失败。十几个人、几家厂商查了一天多
最后还是凭感觉找到了那台windows主机和机主。这次事故给了我们惨痛的教训,使我不得不研究一下怎样
获得远程 session 的客户端 IP 地址,快速定位这类问题。Oracle 中获得 session 的客户端 IP 地址主要
分为当前 session 和非当前 session 的 IP 地址。
1、如何当前 session 的客户端 IP 地址
使用 SYS_CONTEXT namespace 可以获得当前 session 的客户端 IP 地址
[oracle@prod admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle123@prod
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Mar 19 20:48:47 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
20:48:51 system@PROD> col "My IP Address" for a30
20:48:59 system@PROD> SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','IP_ADDRESS') "My IP Address" from dual;
My IP Address
------------------------------
192.168.8.160
注意:要想测试此方法不能通过操作系统认证方式连接到数据库,必须通过TNS,因为前者是通过IPC协议
连接,后者才是通过 TCP/IP 协议连接。
2、如何获得所有远程 Session 的客户端 IP 地址
在 Oracle 数据库中没有直接获取远程 session 客户端 IP 地址的方法。但是存在直接获取当前
session 客户端 IP 地址的方法。通过在数据库中创建 after logon 触发器,再结合使用
DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_CLIENT_INFO 存储过程,我们可以通过查询 v$session 来获取所有
远程 session 的客户端 IP 地址。
首先,创建如下触发器:
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER login_on AFTER LOGON ON DATABASE
DECLARE
ipinfo VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','IP_ADDRESS') INTO ipinfo FROM DUAL;
DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_CLIENT_INFO(ipinfo);
END;
/
然后使用任意的用户远程(TNS)连接到数据库中,然后通过查询以下语句便可查看该 session 的客户端 IP 地址:
21:03:35 system@PROD> conn scott/tiger@prod
Connected.
21:04:05 scott@PROD> col sys_context('userenv','sid') for a40
21:04:18 scott@PROD> select sys_context('userenv','sid') from dual;
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SID')
----------------------------------------
125
用 system 用户创建一个 session 连接,在该 session 中来查询 scott 用户创建的 session 的客户端 IP 地址:
21:07:47 sys@PROD> col client_info for a30
21:08:04 sys@PROD> col CLIENT_IDENTIFIER for a30
21:08:17 sys@PROD> select username,sid,serial#,client_info,client_identifier from v$session where sid=125;
USERNAME SID SERIAL# CLIENT_INFO CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SCOTT 125 35 192.168.8.160
21:08:43 sys@PROD> select username,sid,serial#,client_info,client_identifier from v$session where sid=18;
USERNAME SID SERIAL# CLIENT_INFO CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SCOTT 18 17 192.168.8.100
[oracle@dss admin]$ sqlplus scott/tiger@prod
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Mar 19 21:20:16 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
21:21:18 scott@PROD> col sys_context('userenv','sid') for a30
21:21:24 scott@PROD> select sys_context('userenv','sid') from dual;
SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SID')
------------------------------
139
21:08:59 sys@PROD> select username,sid,serial#,client_info,client_identifier from v$session where sid=139;
USERNAME SID SERIAL# CLIENT_INFO CLIENT_IDENTIFIER
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
SCOTT 139 163 192.168.8.180
http://blog.csdn.net/xiangsir/article/details/8693734

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



Data import method: 1. Use the SQLLoader utility: prepare data files, create control files, and run SQLLoader; 2. Use the IMP/EXP tool: export data, import data. Tip: 1. Recommended SQL*Loader for big data sets; 2. The target table should exist and the column definition matches; 3. After importing, data integrity needs to be verified.

To query the Oracle tablespace size, follow the following steps: Determine the tablespace name by running the query: SELECT tablespace_name FROM dba_tablespaces; Query the tablespace size by running the query: SELECT sum(bytes) AS total_size, sum(bytes_free) AS available_space, sum(bytes) - sum(bytes_free) AS used_space FROM dba_data_files WHERE tablespace_

Creating an Oracle table involves the following steps: Use the CREATE TABLE syntax to specify table names, column names, data types, constraints, and default values. The table name should be concise and descriptive, and should not exceed 30 characters. The column name should be descriptive, and the data type specifies the data type stored in the column. The NOT NULL constraint ensures that null values are not allowed in the column, and the DEFAULT clause specifies the default values for the column. PRIMARY KEY Constraints to identify the unique record of the table. FOREIGN KEY constraint specifies that the column in the table refers to the primary key in another table. See the creation of the sample table students, which contains primary keys, unique constraints, and default values.

Oracle provides multiple deduplication query methods: The DISTINCT keyword returns a unique value for each column. The GROUP BY clause groups the results and returns a non-repetitive value for each group. The UNIQUE keyword is used to create an index containing only unique rows, and querying the index will automatically deduplicate. The ROW_NUMBER() function assigns unique numbers and filters out results that contain only line 1. The MIN() or MAX() function returns non-repetitive values of a numeric column. The INTERSECT operator returns the common values of the two result sets (no duplicates).

Solutions to Oracle cannot be opened include: 1. Start the database service; 2. Start the listener; 3. Check port conflicts; 4. Set environment variables correctly; 5. Make sure the firewall or antivirus software does not block the connection; 6. Check whether the server is closed; 7. Use RMAN to recover corrupt files; 8. Check whether the TNS service name is correct; 9. Check network connection; 10. Reinstall Oracle software.

Oracle garbled problems can be solved by checking the database character set to ensure they match the data. Set the client character set to match the database. Convert data or modify column character sets to match database character sets. Use Unicode character sets and avoid multibyte character sets. Check that the language settings of the database and client are correct.

Use the ALTER TABLE statement, the specific syntax is as follows: ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name data_type [constraint-clause]. Where: table_name is the table name, column_name is the field name, data_type is the data type, and constraint-clause is an optional constraint. Example: ALTER TABLE employees ADD email VARCHAR2(100) Add an email field to the employees table.

Uninstall method for Oracle installation failure: Close Oracle service, delete Oracle program files and registry keys, uninstall Oracle environment variables, and restart the computer. If the uninstall fails, you can uninstall manually using the Oracle Universal Uninstall Tool.
