2012年计算机二级Access重点:分析之报表(1)
考点1 报表 的定义 报表 是Access数据库中的一个对象,它根据指定的规则打印输出格式化的数据信息。 报表 的功能包括:可以呈现格式化的数据;可以分组组织数据,进行汇总;可以包含子 报表 及图表数据;可以打印输出标签、发票、订单和信封等多种样式 报表
报表是Access数据库中的一个对象,它根据指定的规则打印输出格式化的数据信息。报表的功能包括:可以呈现格式化的数据;可以分组组织数据,进行汇总;可以包含子报表及图表数据;可以打印输出标签、发票、订单和信封等多种样式报表;可以进行计数、求平均、求和等统计计算;可以嵌入图像或图片来丰富数据显示的内容。
考点2 报表的视图
Access的报表操作提供了3种视图:“设计”视图、“打印预览”视图和“版面预览”视图。“设计”视图用于创建和编辑报表的结构;“打印预览”视图用于查看报表的页面数据输出形态;“版面预览”视图用于查看报表版面设置。
考点3 报表的组成
报表由以下几部分组成:
报表页眉:在报表的开始处,用来显示报表的标题、图形或说明性文字,每份报表只有一个报表页眉。
页面页眉:用来显示报表中的字段名或对记录的分组名称,报表的每一页只有一个页面页眉。
主体:打印表或查询中的记录数据,是报表显示数据的主要区域。
页面页脚:打印在每页的底部,用来显示本页的汇总说明,报表只有一个页面页脚。
报表页脚:用来显示整份报表的汇总说明,在所有记录都被处理后,只打印在报表的结束处。
考点4 报表设计区
设计报表时,可以将各种类型的文本和字段控件放在报表“设计”窗体中的各个区域内,一次处理一条数据记录。
在报表的“设计”视图中,区段被表示成带状形式,称为“节”。
l报表页眉节
报表页眉节的任何内容都只能在报表的开始处,即报表的第一页打印一次。在报表页中,一般是以大字体将该份报表的标题放在报表顶端的一个标签中。
2页面页眉节
页面页眉中的文字或控件一般输出显示在每一页的顶端。通常,它是用来显示数据的列标题。
3组页眉节
根据需要,在报表设计5个基本节区域的基础上,还可以使用“排序与分组”属性来设置“组页眉/组页脚”区域,以实现报表的分组输出和分组统计。组页眉节内主要安排文本框或其他类型的控件显示分组字段等数据信息。
4主体节
主体节用来处理每条记录,其字段数据均须通过文本框或其他控件(主要是复选框和绑定对象框)绑定显示,可以包含计算的字段数据。
5组页脚节
组页脚节内主要安排文本框或其他类型的控件显示分组统计数据。
6页面页脚节
一般包含页码或控制项的合计内容,数据显示安排在文本框和一些其他类型控件中。
7报表页脚节
该节区一般是在所有的主体和组页脚被输出完成后才会打印在报表的最后面。通过在报表页脚区域安排文本框或其他类型控件,可以显示整个报表的计算汇总或其他的统计数字信息。
5.2 报表的分类
考点5 纵栏式报表
纵栏式报表(一也称为窗体报表),一般是在一页中主体节内显示一条或多条记录,而且以垂直方式显示。纵栏式报表记录数据的字段标题信息与字段记录数据一起被安排在每页的主体节区内显示。

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