Oracle 9i数据库中动态重配置深入分析
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 Oracle9i最重要的新特性就能动态修改几乎所有Oracle性能参数。这使Oracle专家能在Oracle实例运行期间动态地重新配置它――不管是因为要解决当前的一个性能问题,还是因为预测到一个紧迫的性能需求。
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入
Oracle9i最重要的新特性就能动态修改几乎所有Oracle性能参数。这使Oracle专家能在Oracle实例运行期间动态地重新配置它――不管是因为要解决当前的一个性能问题,还是因为预测到一个紧迫的性能需求。由于能动态修改系统全局区域(System Global Area,SGA)中的所有东西(SGA是Oracle的一个实例使用的RAM),所以至关重要的一点就是知道如何监视Oracle数据库。归纳出系统访问趋势及访问模式后,可因为预测到常规的资源需求而提前重新配置好数据库。
牵涉到动态数据库调节操作时,Oracle专家通常关心的是两方面的问题:事先安排好的重配置,以支持常规处理需求的变化;以及基于趋势的动态重配置,以响应从STATSPACK中获取的信息。下面来看看Oracle如何对这两种活动提供支持。
安排好的重配置
假定一个Oracle数据库在白天以“联机事务处理”(OLTP)模式运行,夜间以“决策支持”模式运行。这两种服务为了获得最佳的性能,分别提出了完全不同的要求。针对这种类型的数据库,Oracle DBA可事先安排好一个任务,针对当前的处理类型,将Oracle实例重配置为最恰当的配置。
通常可选择两种工具之一来安排动态重配置。最常见的方式是使用一个UNIX cron作业,它启动一个shell脚本来安排定期重配置。还可使用Oracle dbms_job实用程序。这两种工具都允许你安排一次配置更改。
清单A如下:
<ccid_code>Listing A: Script to change to DSS-mode #!/bin/ksh # First, we must set the environment . . . . ORACLE_SID=$1 export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME=`cat /etc/oratab|grep ^$ORACLE_SID:|cut -f2 -d':' #ORACLE_HOME=`cat /var/opt/oracle/oratab|grep ^$ORACLE_SID:|cut -f2 -d':'` export ORACLE_HOME PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus ?s /nologin</ccid_code> Copy after login |
清单A提供了一个UNIX脚本,可用它针对决策支持处理而重配置Oracle。注意该脚本修改了shared_pool、db_cache_size以及pga_aggregate_target等参数,以满足数据仓库活动的需要。第二天早上可运行一个类似的脚本,将数据库配置变回OLTP模式。
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