Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL 5.5 三大安装方式:【二进制、源代码编译 和 RPM 包】 安

MySQL 5.5 三大安装方式:【二进制、源代码编译 和 RPM 包】 安

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:08 PM
mysql binary Install Way source code compile

㈠ 源代码编译 ① 安装 cmake # wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz # tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src # cd /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.5 # ./bootstrap # make # make install ② 新建 MySQL 用户 # groupadd dba

   ㈠ 源代码编译
      
      
      

      ① 安装 cmake


      # wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz
      # tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
      # cd /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.5
      # ./bootstrap
      # make 
      # make install
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      ② 新建 MySQL 用户


      # groupadd dba
      # useradd -g dba mysql
      # cp mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz  /home/mysql/
      # chown -R mysql:dba /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz
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      ③ CMake编译MySQL 5.5


      # su - mysql
      $ tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz
      $ cd mysql-5.5.16
      $ CFLAGS="-O3" CXX=gcc
      $ CXXFLAGS="-O3 -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti"
      $ cmake . -LH|more //CMake下查看MySQL的编译配置
      $ cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/mysql/mysql -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
      $ make -j 8 //8核并行编译
      $ make install
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      ④ 建立配置文件


      $ cd /home/mysql/mysql
      $ su - root
      # cp /home/mysql/mysql-5.5.16/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf /*这步骤可以省略、默认会存在一个*/
      # chown -R mysql:dba /etc/my.cnf
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      ⑤ 修改配置文件、配置数据文件、日志文件的路径


      # su - mysql
      $ cd mysql
      $ mkdir run log tmp
      $ vim /etc/my.cnf
      **新增内容如下--
      basedir = /home/mysql/mysql
      datadir = /home/mysql/mysql/data
      socket = /home/mysql/mysql/run/mysql.sock /*Server和client的socket配置都要相同*/
      log-error = /home/mysql/mysql/log/alert.log
      log_slow_queries = /home/mysql/mysql/log/slow.log
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           注意、5.6版本、开启慢查询日志的方式有些不同、

slow_query_log_file = /home/mysql/mysql/log/slow.log
slow_query_log = 1
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      ⑥ 初始化 MySQL 配置表


      $ ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/home/mysql/mysql  --datadir=/home/mysql/mysql/data --user=mysql --force
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      ⑦ 启动 mysql 


      ./bin/mysqld_safe &
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      好处:平台无关、安装的 MySQL 目录独立(方便清楚),据说有更好的性能和平台耦合
      缺点:  编译安装较慢 



   ㈡ 二进制分发版安装


   
      官网下二进制分发版的格式是:mysql---tar.gz 
      
      ① 创建用户和组


      # groupadd dba
      # useradd -g dba mysql
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      ② 解压到指定目录


      # tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.30-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
      # mv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.30-linux2.6-i686 /usr/local/mysql
      # cd /usr/local/mysql
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      ③ 更改权限


      # chown -R mysql .
      # chgrp -R dba .
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      ④ 初始化 MySQL 配置表


      # scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
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      ⑤ 更改数据目录权限


      # chown -R root .
      # chown -R mysql data
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      ⑥ 复制配置文件


      # cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
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      ⑦ 建立软链接


      # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/local/bin
      # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/local/bin
      # ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin
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      ⑧ 启动MySQL服务


      # bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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      好处
            MySQL 使用的 glibc 进行开发、glibc 库是一个底层 API、所以只要是 Linux,都会有glibc库、移植性很方便
            进制分发版和源码分发版,前者已经编译并经过优化了,后者没有



   ㈢ RPM 方式


      
      RPM 包方式安装极为简单、这里就不赘述
      谈谈其他对象
      
      比如:MySQL 各个 RPM 包是什么意思?
      
      MySQL-VERSION.i386.rpm MySQL服务器。除非你只是想要与运行在其他机器上MySQL服务器连接,否则你将需要它
      MySQL-client-VERSION.i386.rpm 标准MySQL客户程序。你可能总是需要安装这个包
      MySQL-bench-VERSION.i386.rpm 测试和基准程序。需要Perl和msql-mysql-modules RPM
      MySQL-devel-VERSION.i386.rpm 所需的库和包含文件。如果你想要编译其他MySQL客户程序, 例如Perl模块
      MySQL-VERSION.src.rpm 包含上述所有包的源代码。它也能被用来尝试为其他硬件平台构造RPM(例如,Alpha或SPARC)
      MySQL-Max-VERSION.rpm 包含了客户端和服务器端的程序
      MySQL-embedded-VERSION.i386.rpm 和为嵌入式 linux 设计的数据库系统
      
      在大多数情况下,只需要安装MySQL-server 和 MySQL-client,其他的包根据需要来安装
      
      再比如:MySQL RPM 安装后相关目录在哪里?
      
      /usr/bin :客户端程序和脚本、比如 mysqladmin mysqldump等命令
      /usr/sbin:mysqld 
      /var/lib/mysql:数据库的目录
      /usr/share/mysql:mysql.server命令及配置文件
      /etc/rc.d/init.d/:启动脚本文件mysql的目录
      
      
      
      最后、、、、、、
      论哪个更好,恐怕没有哪个更好,只能说哪个更适合
      青菜萝卜、各有所爱、大家自行权衡

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