Oracle内存数据仓库Exalytics
图1: Oracle Exalytics 是由硬件和软件组合到一起的工程系统 Exalytics内存机硬件部分是一个单一的服务器,针对商业智能负载所需要的内存分析的进行了最佳配置,包括了计算能力、海量内存以及快速网络等选项。 Oracle Exalytics的硬件架构-内存计算的基础 Or
图1: Oracle Exalytics 是由硬件和软件组合到一起的工程系统
Exalytics内存机硬件部分是一个单一的服务器,针对商业智能负载所需要的内存分析的进行了最佳配置,包括了计算能力、海量内存以及快速网络等选项。
Oracle Exalytics的硬件架构-内存计算的基础
Oracle Exalytics硬件被设计在一个3U的机架单元中,并针对商业智能工作负载中的内存分析进行了优化。多个Oracle Exalytics机可以聚集在一起,以扩大可用内存容量,从而提供高可用性。Oracle Exalytics包括了强大的计算能力、丰富的内存、和快速的网络选项,以及能够直接连接的存储选项。
甲骨文Exalytics是由四个Intel XeonE7-4800系列处理器支撑,其特征之一是处理器和I/O之间的高速互联技术。每一个处理器支持10个计算核心,因此,Exalytics一共包含了40个计算核心。每个核心有两个虚拟执行线程,总共达到80个线程。这样的计算能力再加上1TB的内存为内存分析提供了充分的保证。
我们都知道,要实现高性能的商业智能系统需要与数据仓库、操作系统和数据源之间建立快速的连接。此外,在搭建具有高可靠、负载均衡以及灾难备份功能的集群时,高速的网络互联也是一个必不可少的条件。因此,Oracle Exalytics提供了下列网络接口,来支持上述需求:
InfiniBand:每一个Exalytics提供了两个四数据速率(QDR)40 GB / s的InfiniBand端口。当Exalytics与Exadata连接时,Exalytics就成了Exadata私有InfiniBand网络中集成的一个部分,拥有高速、低延迟的数据库服务器访问性能。而当多个Exalytics机器连在一起成为集群时,InfiniBand光线也可以充当高速集群之间的互联通道。
10GB以太网:每一个Exalytics提供了两个10GB/s的以太网端口,用于连接企业数据源和客户端访问。
1GB以太网:每一个Exalytics还提供了4个1 GB/s以太网端口用于客户端访问。
专用集成的Lights Out管理器(ILOM):Exalytics还为远程管理提供了以太网端口――ILOM。
所有的网络接口都支持故障转移,可以用于创建没有单点故障的集群。同时, Exalytics还包含了冗余的、可热插拔电源和风扇。
Exalytics包括了一个高性能的直接附加存储系统(direct attached storage system),包括高性能的RAID HBA和3.6TB原始磁盘容量。或者,甲骨文Exalytics机集群可以利用NAS(network attached storage,网络附加存储)来保存共享元数据和配置数据。
甲骨文Exalytics通过ILOM(Oracle集成的Lights Out管理器)提供了完整的服务器管理基础设施。Oracle ILOM通过遥控器(SSL,HTTPS)和串行连接对服务器硬件进行管理。
Oracle Exalytics软件架构―实现数据驱动的决策
Exalytics运行的软件是Oracle商业智能基础(Oracle Business Intelligence Foundation)和OracleTimesTen内存数据库。为了在Exalytics上获得更好地性能,BI Foundation和TimesTen内存数据库都经过了优化。事实上,TimesTen来自于甲骨文07年收购的一家同名的数据库厂商。而更有意思的是,TimesTen于1996年从电脑厂商惠普(Hewlett-Packard)剥离,成为独立公司,当时员工约为100人。
Oracle BI Foundation:Oracle BI Foundation提供了市场上最完整的、开放的和融合的商业智能平台。为商业智能提供了综合的、完整的能力,包括企业报表、公告板、专案分析,多维OLAP,评分卡以及基于整合平台的预测分析。Oracle BI Foundation 包含了业界一流的服务器技术,用于相关性分析和多维分析,并提供了丰富的终端用户体验,包括可视化,协作,警报和通知,搜索和移动接入等。
针对Exalytics优化的TimesTen内存数据库:Oracle 内存数据库 TimesTen 是一个针对内存进行了优化的关系数据库,它为应用程序提供了当今实时企业和行业(如电信、资本市场和国防)所需的即时响应性和非常高的吞吐量。
TimesTen 通过改变数据在运行时驻留位置的假设来提供实时性能。通过在内存中管理数据,并相应地优化数据结构和访问算法,数据库操作能够以最大效率执行,从而大大提高响应速度和吞吐量,甚至能够与完全使用高速缓存磁盘的 RDBMS 相媲美。Oracle 内存数据库 TimesTen 可嵌入到应用程序中,从而消除了进程间通信和不必要的网络操作,以进一步提高数据库操作的性能。
柱状压缩:甲骨文TimesTen内存数据库Exalytics支持柱状压缩内存数据,减少内存占用。可以实现5倍的压缩比,有利于扩大内存容量。分析算法压缩数据直接操作,从而进一步加快内存中的分析查询。
Oracle Essbase的是一个多维OLAP分析应用程序服务器。在Exalytics上运行Essbase对内存操作而言有很多好处,比如可以改善整体存储性能,优化并行操作,优化MDX语法,MDX搜索引擎的高性能。Exalytics上运行Essbase 提供了高达16倍的查询速度,并且减少了6倍写回和计算操作,包括批处理过程。

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