SQL2008新应用之T-SQL Grouping sets
SQL SERVER 2005 使用了WITH CUBE 和WITH ROLLUP来显示统计信息,这是非常有用的功能,但它却不能提供很好的控制显示方法,但在katmai(sqlserver的下一个版本,估且称它mssql2008),以上的一切都会因 GROUPING SETS 引入而改变。使用GROUPING SETS,我们会获
SQL SERVER 2005 使用了WITH CUBE 和WITH ROLLUP来显示统计信息,这是非常有用的功能,但它却不能提供很好的控制显示方法,但在katmai(sqlserver的下一个版本,估且称它mssql2008),以上的一切都会因GROUPING SETS引入而改变。使用GROUPING SETS,我们会获得想要统计信息。
在这里,给出一个实例:
语句A
以下是引用片段: select ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey,PromotionKey, sum(UnitPrice)SumUnitPrice, sum(OrderQuantity)SumOrderQuantity from dbo.FactInternetSales group by ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey,PromotionKey |
语句B
以下是引用片段: select ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey,PromotionKey, sum(UnitPrice)SumUnitPrice, sum(OrderQuantity)SumOrderQuantity from dbo.FactInternetSales group by grouping sets( ( ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey,PromotionKey ) ) |
看到上面的例子大家或许会猜想出一二,我将给大家展示一下grouping sets的特别之处。
例子:
当我们在不同的集合中使用分组,则GROUPING SETS将会非常有用。
以下是引用片段: select ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey,PromotionKey, sum(UnitPrice)SumUnitPrice, sum(OrderQuantity)SumOrderQuantity from dbo.FactInternetSales group by grouping sets( --Aggregate by all columns in the select clause ( ProductKey, OrderDateKey, CustomerKey, PromotionKey ), --Aggregate by a subset of the columns in the select clause ( ProductKey, OrderDateKey, CustomerKey ), () --ALL aggregation ); |
第一个grouping sets以(ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey,PromotionKey)为单位分组聚集UnitPrice & OrderQuantity
第二个grouping sets以(ProductKey,OrderDateKey,CustomerKey)为单位分组聚集UnitPrice & OrderQuantity
第三个grouping sets直接聚集UnitPrice & OrderQuantity,相当于一条汇总数据
说明:grouping sets 没有使用的select子句中的列将会返回NULL值。
整个结果集对每一个GROUPING SETS做运算。
下面是一个执行结果的截图
看一下最后一句,这句就是第三个grouping sets,它在每一个非聚集列中都显示NULL,你同样能看到在第二个grouping sets中,没有使用到的列也显示NULL。
总结:
本文讲解了grouping sets使用方法,我的第一印象是它的自定义化比较强,很灵活,我们甚至可以自己聚合出OLAP集合。

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