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提高MySQL并发能力的思路

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:13 PM
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欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 1、使用行级别锁,避免表级别或页级别锁 尽量使用支持行级别锁的存储引擎,如InnoDB;只在读操作显著多于写作的场景中(如数据仓库类的应用)使用表级别锁的存储引擎,如MyISAM;。 2、降低热巨锁(h

欢迎进入Linux社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入

  1、使用行级别锁,避免表级别或页级别锁

  尽量使用支持行级别锁的存储引擎,如InnoDB;只在读操作显著多于写作的场景中(如数据仓库类的应用)使用表级别锁的存储引擎,如MyISAM;。

  2、降低热巨锁(hot gaint lock)出现的可能性以尽可能避免全局互斥量

  临界区(仅允许单一线程访问的资源)会严重降低MySQL系统并发性;InnoDB缓冲池(buffer pool)、数据字典等都是常见的临界区;幸运的是,新版本的InnoDB已经能够较好的运行于多核处理器,支持使用 innodb_buffer_pool_instances服务器变量建立多个缓冲池实例,每个缓冲池实例分别自我管理空闲列表、列表刷写、LRU以及其它跟缓冲池相关的数据结构,并通过各自的互斥锁进行保护。

  3、并行运行多个I/O线程

  通过innodb_io_capacity服务器变量等增加磁盘I/O线程的数量可以提高前端操作(如SELECT)的性能,不过,磁盘I/O线程的数量不应该超过磁盘的IOPS(7200RPM的单块硬件的IOPS数量一般为100个左右)。

  此外,异步I/O也可以在一定程度上提高系统的并发能力,在Linux系统上,可以通过将MySQL的服务器变量innodb_use_native_aio的值设定为ON设定InnoDB可以使用Linux的异步I/O子系统。

  4、并行后端任务

  默认情况下,MySQL的清写(purge)操作(用于移除带删除标记的记录)由InnoDB的主线程完成,这可以降低内部资源竞争发生的概率,进而增强MySQL服务伸缩能力。不过,随着InnoDB内部各式各样的竞争越来越多,这种设置带来的性能优势已几乎不值一提,因此,生产环境中应该通过为innodb_purge_threads服务器变量设定为ON将主线程与清写线程分开运行。

  5、单线程复制模型中的SQL线程是一个热区

  在从服务器上并行运行多个SQL线程可有效提高MySQL从服务器性能,MySQL 5.6支持多线程复制(每库一个复制线程);

提高MySQL并发能力的思路

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