Oracle中用一条Sql实现任意的行转列拼接 多行拼接
表结构和数据如下(表名Test): NO VALUE NAME 1 a 测试1 1 b 测试2 1 c 测试3 1 d 测试4 2 e 测试5 4 f 测试6 4 g 测试7 Sql语句: select No, ltrim(max(sys_connect_by_path(Value, ';')), ';') as Value, ltrim(max(sys_connect_by_path(Name, ';')), '
表结构和数据如下(表名Test):
NO VALUE NAME
1 a 测试1
1 b 测试2
1 c 测试3
1 d 测试4
2 e 测试5
4 f 测试6
4 g 测试7
Sql语句:
select No,
ltrim(max(sys_connect_by_path(Value, ';')), ';') as Value,
ltrim(max(sys_connect_by_path(Name, ';')), ';') as Name
from (select No,
Value,
Name,
rnFirst,
lead(rnFirst) over(partition by No order by rnFirst) rnNext
from (select a.No,
a.Value,
a.Name,
row_number() over(order by a.No, a.Value desc) rnFirst
from Test a) tmpTable1) tmpTable2
start with rnNext is null
connect by rnNext = prior rnFirst
group by No;
检索结果如下:
NO VALUE NAME
1 a;b;c;d 测试1;测试2;测试3;测试4
2 e 测试5
4 f;g 测试6;测试7
简单解释一下那个Sql吧:
1、最内层的Sql(即表tmpTable1),按No和Value排序,并列出行号:
select a.No,
a.Value,
a.Name,
row_number() over(order by a.No, a.Value desc) rnFirst
from Test a
该语句结果如下:
NO VALUE NAME RNFIRST
1 d 测试4 1
1 c 测试3 2
1 b 测试2 3
1 a 测试1 4
2 e 测试5 5
4 g 测试7 6
4 f 测试6 7
2、外层的Sql(即表tmpTable2),根据No分区,取出当前行对应的下一条记录的行号字段:
select No,
Value,
Name,
rnFirst,
lead(rnFirst) over(partition by No order by rnFirst) rnNext
from (这里是tmpTable1的SQL) tmpTable1
lead(rnFirst):取得下一行记录的rnFirst字段
over(partition by No order by rnFirst) 按rnFirst排序,并按No分区,分区就是如果下一行的No字段与当前行的No字段不相等时,不取下一行记录显示
该语句结果如下:
NO VALUE NAME RNFIRST RNNEXT
1 d 测试4 1 2
1 c 测试3 2 3
1 b 测试2 3 4
1 a 测试1 4 NULL
2 e 测试5 5 NULL
4 g 测试7 6 7
4 f 测试6 7 NULL
3、最后就是最外层的sys_connect_by_path函数与start递归了
sys_connect_by_path(Value, ';')
start with rnNext is null
connect by rnNext = prior rnFirst
这个大概意思就是从rnNext为null的那条记录开始,递归查找,
如果前一记录的rnFirst字段等于当前记录的rnNext字段,就把2条记录的Value用分号连接起来,
大家可以先试试下面这个没有Max和Group的Sql:
select No,
sys_connect_by_path(Value, ';') as Value,
sys_connect_by_path(Name, ';') as Name
from (select No,
Value,
Name,
rnFirst,
lead(rnFirst) over(partition by No order by rnFirst) rnNext
from (select a.No,
a.Value,
a.Name,
row_number() over(order by a.No, a.Value desc) rnFirst
from Test a) tmpTable1) tmpTable2
start with rnNext is null
connect by rnNext = prior rnFirst
结果是:
NO VALUE NAME
1 ;a ;测试1
1 ;a;b ;测试1;测试2
1 ;a;b;c ;测试1;测试2;测试3
1 ;a;b;c;d ;测试1;测试2;测试3;测试4
2 ;e ;测试5
4 ;f ;测试6
4 ;f;g ;测试6;测试7
可以看到,每个No的最后一条记录就是我们要的了
所以在sys_connect_by_path外面套一个Max,再加个Group by No,得到的结果就是行转列的结果了
最后再加一个Ltrim,去掉最前面的那个分号,完成。
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