Home Database Mysql Tutorial ORACLE SPFILE与PFILE学习

ORACLE SPFILE与PFILE学习

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:24 PM
oracle one study meet

今天遇到一个错误,具体错误过程如下: --提示无法修改指定的参数SQL alter system set memory_max_target=3072M;alter system set memory_max_target=3072M *ERROR at line 1:ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified--至更改参

今天遇到一个错误,具体错误过程如下:

--提示无法修改指定的参数
SQL> alter system set memory_max_target=3072M;
alter system set memory_max_target=3072M
                 *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified

--至更改参文件
SQL> alter system set memory_max_target=3072M scope=spfile;
alter system set memory_max_target=3072M scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-32001: write to SPFILE requested but no SPFILE is in use
Copy after login

提示没有使用参数文件,查看数据文件
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile				     string
Copy after login

spfile的值为空,说明数据库启动不是使用的spfile,是使用的pfile启动的。缺省情况下,spfile是linux的  $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 下的 spfile+$ORACLE_SID.ora文件,查看文件是否存在
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
hc_orcl11g.dat  hc_orcl.dat  init.ora  initorcl.ora  lkORCL  orapworcl  snapcf_orcl.f 
Copy after login

spfile不存在,于是创建spfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.
Copy after login
在目录 $ORACLE_HOME/dbs 下就生成了 spfileorcl.ora 文件,下面是spfile 和pfile的相关知识

spfile是9i以后才有的,在9i 以前,Oracle 使用pfile 存储初始化参数配置,这些参数在实例启动时被读取,不能动态修改,可以用普通的编辑器修改,任何修改需要重起实例才能生效。

使用spfile 您能够使用ALTER SYSTEM 或ALTER SESSION来动态修改那些可动态修改的参数,部分修改需要重启数据库后才能生效,在修改时能够选择使更改只应用于当前实例,还是同时应用到spfile。这就使得任何对spfile 的修改都能够在命令行完成,我们能够完全告别手工修改初始化参数文档,这就大大减少了人为错误的发生。
  SPFILE 是个二进制文档,能够使用RMAN 进行备份,这样实际上Oracle 把参数文档也纳入了备份恢复管理。除了第一次启动数据库需要PFILE(然后能够根据PFILE 创建SPFILE),我们能够不再需要PFILE,ORACLE 强烈推荐使用spfile,应用其新特性来存储和维护初始化参数配置。


补充:

/*

参数文件(10g中的参数文件)

    主要用来记录数据库的配置文件,在数据库启动时,Oracle读取参数文件,并根据参数文件中的参数设置来配置数据库。

    如内存池的分配,允许打开的进程数和会话数等。

 

两类参数文件:

    pfile:文本文件的参数文件,可以使用vi,vim等编辑器修改,文件名通常为init.ora

    spfile:二进制的参数文件,不能直接修改,只能存放在Oracle服务器端,可以使用EM或指令来修改

    (alter system|session set parameter_name = values ),

    文件名通常为spfile.ora,支持RMAN备份。

 

优先级别:

    Oracle 启动读取参数文件的顺序,如果个文件都不存在,则Oracle会报错

    spfile.ora --> spfile.ora -->init.ora

 

参数文件的路径:*/

     spfle:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile$ORACLE_SID.ora

     pfile(9i):$ORALCE_HOME/dbs/init$ORALCE_SID.ora  /*10g以后一般不用init.ora*/

     pfile(10g):$ORALCE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/pfile /*仅当数据库初始化时使用*/

     pfile:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init.ora  /*默认*/

/*

参数文件之间的转化

     spfile 转化为pfile

     pfile 转换为spfile

     spfile来生成pfile

     create pfile from spfile ,执行完毕后,pfile 将保存为$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora

     也可以指定pfile 的路径:create pfile = '

' from spfile;

 

     pfile 生成spfile

     create spfile from pfile

     create spfile from pfile = '

'

     create spfile = '

' from pfile

     

     11g中的新指令,从memeory中生成

     create spfile = '

' from memeory 

*/


参考:http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/5559174

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Function to calculate the number of days between two dates in oracle Function to calculate the number of days between two dates in oracle May 08, 2024 pm 07:45 PM

The function in Oracle to calculate the number of days between two dates is DATEDIFF(). The specific usage is as follows: Specify the time interval unit: interval (such as day, month, year) Specify two date values: date1 and date2DATEDIFF(interval, date1, date2) Return the difference in days

How long will Oracle database logs be kept? How long will Oracle database logs be kept? May 10, 2024 am 03:27 AM

The retention period of Oracle database logs depends on the log type and configuration, including: Redo logs: determined by the maximum size configured with the "LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST" parameter. Archived redo logs: Determined by the maximum size configured by the "DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE" parameter. Online redo logs: not archived, lost when the database is restarted, and the retention period is consistent with the instance running time. Audit log: Configured by the "AUDIT_TRAIL" parameter, retained for 30 days by default.

The order of the oracle database startup steps is The order of the oracle database startup steps is May 10, 2024 am 01:48 AM

The Oracle database startup sequence is: 1. Check the preconditions; 2. Start the listener; 3. Start the database instance; 4. Wait for the database to open; 5. Connect to the database; 6. Verify the database status; 7. Enable the service (if necessary ); 8. Test the connection.

How much memory does oracle require? How much memory does oracle require? May 10, 2024 am 04:12 AM

The amount of memory required by Oracle depends on database size, activity level, and required performance level: for storing data buffers, index buffers, executing SQL statements, and managing the data dictionary cache. The exact amount is affected by database size, activity level, and required performance level. Best practices include setting the appropriate SGA size, sizing SGA components, using AMM, and monitoring memory usage.

How to use interval in oracle How to use interval in oracle May 08, 2024 pm 07:54 PM

The INTERVAL data type in Oracle is used to represent time intervals. The syntax is INTERVAL <precision> <unit>. You can use addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations to operate INTERVAL, which is suitable for scenarios such as storing time data and calculating date differences.

How to see the number of occurrences of a certain character in Oracle How to see the number of occurrences of a certain character in Oracle May 09, 2024 pm 09:33 PM

To find the number of occurrences of a character in Oracle, perform the following steps: Get the total length of a string; Get the length of the substring in which a character occurs; Count the number of occurrences of a character by subtracting the substring length from the total length.

Oracle database server hardware configuration requirements Oracle database server hardware configuration requirements May 10, 2024 am 04:00 AM

Oracle database server hardware configuration requirements: Processor: multi-core, with a main frequency of at least 2.5 GHz. For large databases, 32 cores or more are recommended. Memory: At least 8GB for small databases, 16-64GB for medium sizes, up to 512GB or more for large databases or heavy workloads. Storage: SSD or NVMe disks, RAID arrays for redundancy and performance. Network: High-speed network (10GbE or higher), dedicated network card, low-latency network. Others: Stable power supply, redundant components, compatible operating system and software, heat dissipation and cooling system.

What symbols are used to connect strings to the database in Oracle? What symbols are used to connect strings to the database in Oracle? May 08, 2024 pm 07:36 PM

Oracle uses the "||" symbol to concatenate strings. The usage method is as follows: connect the strings to be connected with the "||" symbol; the priority of string connection is low, and parentheses need to be used to ensure the priority; an empty string will still be an empty string after connection; NULL value connection is still NULL.

See all articles