Excel-算术平均分析（差异分析）
本文摘自作者《网站数据分析：数据驱动的网站管理、优化和运营 》：http://item.jd.com/11295690.html 算术平均分析就是运用计算平均数的方法反应总体在一段时间、地点条件下，某一数量特征的一般水平。平均指标既可用于同一现象在不同地区、不同部门间的横向
本文摘自作者《网站数据分析：数据驱动的网站管理、优化和运营 》：http://item.jd.com/11295690.html算术平均分析就是运用计算平均数的方法反应总体在一段时间、地点条件下，某一数量特征的一般水平。平均指标既可用于同一现象在不同地区、不同部门间的横向比较，也可用于同一现象在不同时间的对比。
使用平均指标更能反映现象的持续能力或水平。例如，对于电商平台网站，在客户购买商品后，客户付款资金将转入电商平台账户，待客户确认商品相符后，再将客户资金划入相应店铺账户中。电商平台的日均账户存款就能够很好地反映出电商能够利用的资金额度，例如，可以用这些资金为店铺间办理短期的小额资金贷款。
算术平均数的计算公式为：总体各单位数值的总和/总体单位个数
下面来看一下使用算术平均数进行图表展现的例子。图9-81中是某公司各部门的销售业绩数据和图表，现在需要为图表增加一条各部门平均销售额的水平线，从而能够直观地看出各部门距离平均水平的差距。
图9-81部门销售业绩
在C2:C5区域输入各部门销售额的平均值3870.75，选定A1:C5区域，在 “插入”功能区的“图表”模块中单击“柱形图”，选择“簇状柱形图”，然后删除网格线，效果如图9-82所示。
图9-82插入簇状柱形图
右击平均值数据系列，选择“更改系列图表类型”命令，在打开的“更改图表类型”对话框中选择“折线图”部分的“折线图”类型，如图9-83所示。单击“确定”按钮后，即可看到平均值以一条直线显示，如图9-84所示。
图9-83更改“平均值”数据系列为折线图
图9-84添加平均销售额水平线后的效果
为使添加的平均值线条看起来更像一条参考线，选定该线条后右击，选择“设置数据系列格式”命令，在打开的对话框的“线型”部分，将“线端类型”修改为“短划线”格式即可，如图9-85所示。
图9-85更改平均水平线的线型
由图表可以很直观地看出部门B和部门D的销售额超出平均水平，而部门A和部门C低于平均水平。
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