Home Database Mysql Tutorial 数据库的热备份和冷备份

数据库的热备份和冷备份

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:29 PM
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冷备份(off, 慢, 时间点上恢复) 冷备份发生在数据库已经正常关闭的情况下,当正常关闭时会提供给我们一个完整的数据库。冷备份是将关键性文件拷贝到另外位置的一种说法。对于备份数据库信息而言,冷备份是最快和最安全的方法。 冷备份的优点: 1.是非常

冷备份(off, 慢, 时间点上恢复)
冷备份发生在数据库已经正常关闭的情况下,当正常关闭时会提供给我们一个完整的数据库。冷备份是将关键性文件拷贝到另外位置的一种说法。对于备份数据库信息而言,冷备份是最快和最安全的方法。

冷备份的优点:
1.是非常快速的备份方法(只需拷贝文件)
2.容易归档(简单拷贝即可)
3.容易恢复到某个时间点上(只需将文件再拷贝回去)
4.能与归档方法相结合,作数据库“最新状态”的恢复。
5.低度维护,高度安全。

冷备份的缺点:
1.单独使用时,只能提供到“某一时间点上”的恢复。
2.在实施备份的全过程中,数据库必须要作备份而不能作其它工作。也就是说,在冷备份过程中,数据库必须是关闭状态。
3.若磁盘空间有限,只能拷贝到磁带等其它外部存储设备上,速度会很慢。
4.不能按表或按用户恢复。
值得注意的是冷备份必须在数据库关闭的情况下进行,当数据库处于打开状态时,执行数据库文件系统备份是无效的 。而且在恢复后一定要把数据库文件的属组和属主改为mysql。

热备份 (on, 快)
热备份是在数据库运行的情况下,备份数据库操作的sql语句,当数据库发生问题时,可以重新执行一遍备份的sql语句。

热备份的优点:
1.可在表空间或数据文件级备份,备份时间短。
2.备份时数据库仍可使用。
3.可达到秒级恢复(恢复到某一时间点上)。
4.可对几乎所有数据库实体作恢复。
5.恢复是快速的,在大多数情况下在数据库仍工作时恢复。

热备份的缺点:
1.不能出错,否则后果严重。
2.若热备份不成功,所得结果不可用于时间点的恢复。
3.因难于维护,所以要特别仔细小心,不允许“以失败而告终”。
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