用裸设备扩数据库表空间
欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛，与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 硬件环境：小型机 IBM P670，存储：IBM SHARK F-20 软件环境：操作系统 AIX5.1 数据库oracle9i 主题思想：物理卷PV－;卷组VG－;逻辑卷LV（类型：raw）－;添加表空间 操作过程： 一、 首先 ＃lsvg ?
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硬件环境：小型机 IBM P670，存储：IBM SHARK F-20
软件环境：操作系统 AIX5.1 数据库oracle9i
主题思想：物理卷PV－>;卷组VG－>;逻辑卷LV（类型：raw）－>;添加表空间
操作过程：
一、 首先 ＃lsvg ? o //查看所有可用卷组
datavg03
datavg02
datavg01
datavg00
rootvg
二、 然后对用来专为数据库准备的卷组进行如下操作：
＃lsvg ?l datavg03
datavg09:
LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINT
lvdata0316 raw 64 64 1 open/syncd N/A
lvdata0317 raw 64 64 1 open/syncd N/A
lvdata0318 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0319 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0320 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0321 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0322 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0323 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0324 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0325 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0326 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0327 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0328 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0329 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
lvdata0330 raw 64 64 1 closed/syncd N/A
由显示可知：该卷组还有13个逻辑卷（裸设备）未被使用（如果在显示结果中没有closed/syncd状态的逻辑卷，可进入第3步）但如何知道这13个逻辑卷有多大容量呢，可以机使用如下命令：
＃lslv lvdata0315
LOGICAL VOLUME: lvdata0309 VOLUME GROUP: datavg09
LV IDENTIFIER: 0037de1d00004c0000000105cd3b6816.11 PERMISSION: read/write
VG STATE: active/complete LV STATE: opened/syncd
TYPE: raw WRITE VERIFY: off
MAX LPs: 512 PP SIZE: 64 megabyte(s)
COPIES: 1 SCHED POLICY: parallel
LPs: 64 PPs: 64
STALE PPs: 0 BB POLICY: relocatable
INTER-POLICY: minimum RELOCATABLE: yes
INTRA-POLICY: middle UPPER BOUND: 32
MOUNT POINT: N/A LABEL: None
MIRROR WRITE CONSISTENCY: on/ACTIVE
EACH LP COPY ON A SEPARATE PV ?: yes
可看到物理分区大小为64M，由于在同一卷组当中，所以可以知道所有物理分区大小都是64M，从lsvg － l datavg09 的显示结果可看到，PPs：LPs＝1：1所以，每个逻辑卷的大小是：LPs×PP SIZE=64*64M=4096M=4G,进而可知还有13个4G的逻辑卷，未被使用。
但到此还不能完全保证就可以使用这13个逻辑卷对数据库的表空间进行扩充，因为我们还不知到这些裸设备的属主，所以还需要如下步骤：
＃cd /dev
# ls ?l rlvdata03* //显示以rlvdata03开头的文件属性
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 20 Aug 22 11:33 rlvdata0318
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 21 Aug 22 11:35 rlvdata0319
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 22 Aug 22 11:37 rlvdata0320
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 23 Aug 22 12:35 rlvdata0321
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 24 Aug 22 12:37 rlvdata0322
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 25 Aug 22 12:39 rlvdata0323
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 26 Aug 22 12:39 rlvdata0324
crw-rw---- 1 oracle dba 58, 27 Aug 19 16:14 rlvdata0325
从查询结果可知，裸设备的属主已经是oracle了，oracle可以添加这些裸设备了，但如果裸设备的属主不是oracle而是其他用户，那么需要
＃chown oracle：dab rlvdata03* //要根据实际情况修改，千万小心
三、添加表空间 我们可以登录数据库了，使用有创建或修改表空间权限的用户登录数据库（有多种方法），我们以sqlplus为例：
＃su － oracle
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Aug 22 12:49:55 2005
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
SQL>;conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL>;alter tablespace ts_index add datafile
2 ‘/dev/rlvdata0318’ size 4090; //size 是4090而不是4096，如果4096全部使用的话，容易出错
SQL>; Tablespace altered
可以反复以上操作，完成其它裸设备的添加，从而达到表空间扩充的目的。
但是如果以上13个逻辑卷还不能满足扩充需求，那么可以继续以下步骤
四、＃lsvg datavg09 //查看卷组信息和使用情况,看是否还有足够的空间
VOLUME GROUP: datavg09 VG IDENTIFIER: 0037de1d00004c000000010
5cd3b6816
VG STATE: active PP SIZE: 64 megabyte(s)
VG PERMISSION: read/write TOTAL PPs: 2605 (166720 megabytes)
MAX LVs: 256 FREE PPs: 557 (35648 megabytes)
LVs: 32 USED PPs: 2048 (131072 megabytes)
OPEN LVs: 16 QUORUM: 3
TOTAL PVs: 5 VG DESCRIPTORS: 5
STALE PVs: 0 STALE PPs: 0
ACTIVE PVs: 5 AUTO ON: no
MAX PPs per PV: 1016 MAX PVs: 32
LTG size: 128 kilobyte(s) AUTO SYNC: no
HOT SPARE: no
显示信息可以看到，该卷组目前还有35648M空间供使用，则可以进行如下操作：
＃mklv -y ‘lvdata0331’ - t ‘raw’ datavg09 64
说明：在卷组datavg09上创建逻辑卷lvdata0331，逻辑卷的类型是raw，逻辑卷的lps是64
逻辑卷大小太大对会影响数据库性能，所以不宜创建过大的裸设备。
然后进行前面的‘三’节
但是如果当前所有的卷组都已使用完，没有可以用来添加裸设备的卷组，那么还要，创建卷组。
五、创建卷组 在创建之前，我们首先看一下有没有可用的物理卷
＃lspv
vpath53 000b273dbe31ff50 datavg03
vpath54 000b273dbe320138 datavg03
vpath55 000b273dbe320303 datavg03
vpath56 000b273dbe320795 None
vpath57 000b273dbe320a46 None
vpath58 000b273dbe320c29 None
可以看到vpath56、vpath57、vpath58、还没有备卷组使用。由于当前环境的存储提供是磁盘阵列，所以vpath 是在阵列上指定了大小的，在小型机系统认到的所谓的“物理卷”（其实真正的物理卷，应该是
hdisk）。
＃ mkvg -f -y'datavg04' -s'64' '-n' vpath56 vpath57 vpath58
说明：用 vpath56 vpath57 vpath58 创建卷组datavg04，并且物理分区大小是64M
卷组创建好后，重复前面的步骤即可完成。
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