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SQL中数据库之间不兼容的语法汇总

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Release: 2016-06-07 15:30:26
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1.TOP SQL Server 的语法: SELECT TOP number columnName FROM tableName MySQL 的语法: SELECT columnName FROM tableName LIMIT number Oracle 的语法: SELECT columnName FROM tableName WHERE ROWNUM=number 2.创建表时添加UNIQUE/PRIMARY KEY/FOREIG

1.TOP

SQL Server的语法:

SELECT TOP number columnName

FROM tableName

MySQL的语法:

SELECT columnName

FROM tableName

LIMIT number

Oracle的语法:

SELECT columnName

FROM tableName

WHERE ROWNUM

2.创建表时添加UNIQUE/PRIMARY KEY/FOREIGN KEY/CHECK(不需名为约束人为命时才有不兼容)

   (接下来举例说明)

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

CREATE TABLE Students

(Name char(10) NOT NULL,

Id char(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE

)

MySQL的语法:

CREATE TABLE Students

(Name char(10) NOT NULL,

Id char(10) NOT NULL,

UNIQUE(Id)

)

PRIMARY KEY和UNIQUE同理,只是把UNIQUE换成PRIMARY KEY而已;

FOREIGN KEY也是同理,只不过要加上REFERENCES的内容而已;

CHECK也是同理,只不过要加上约束的内容而已;

3.撤销UNIQUE

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP CONSTRAINT constraintName

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP INDEX indexName

4.撤销PRIMARY KEY

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP CONSTRAINT constraintName

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP PRIMARY KEY

5.撤销FOREIGN KEY

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP CONSTRAINT constraintName

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP FOREIGN KEY foreignKeyName

6.撤销CHECK

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP CONSTRAINT constraintName

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE TableName

DROP CHECK checkName

7.为已有的表添加DEFAULT

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

ALTER TABLE tableName

ALTER columnName SET DEFAULT 'defaultValue'

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE tableName

ALTER COLUMN columnName SET DEFAULT 'defaultValue'

8.撤销DEFAULT

SQL Server/Oracle/Access的语法:

ALTER TABLE tableName

ALTER columnName DROP DEFAULT 

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE tableName

ALTER COLUMN columnName DROP DEFAULT

9.撤销引索

SQL Server的语法:

DROP INDEX tableName.columnName

Oracle的语法:

DROP INDEX indexName

Access的语法:

DROP INDEX indexName ON tableName

MySQL的语法:

ALTER TABLE tableName

DROP INDEX indexName


当然,不同的数据库在时间处理等方面还有不同,但由于文本过长,在此不再赘述。





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