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oracle 中的translate函数

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:32 PM
oracle function grammar

一、语法: TRANSLATE(string,from_str,to_str) 二、目的 返回将(所有出现的)from_str中的每个字符替换为to_str中的相应字符以后的string。TRANSLATE 是 REPLACE 所提供的功能的一个超集。如果 from_str 比 to_str 长,那么在 from_str 中而不在 to_str 中

一、语法:
TRANSLATE(string,from_str,to_str)
二、目的
返回将(所有出现的)from_str中的每个字符替换为to_str中的相应字符以后的string。TRANSLATE 是 REPLACE 所提供的功能的一个超集。如果 from_str 比 to_str 长,那么在 from_str 中而不在 to_str 中的额外字符将从 string 中被删除,因为它们没有相应的替换字符。to_str 不能为空。Oracle 将空字符串解释为 NULL,并且如果TRANSLATE 中的任何参数为NULL,那么结果也是 NULL。
三、允许使用的位置
过程性语句和SQL语句。
四、示例
Sql代码
1. SELECT TRANSLATE('abcdefghij','abcdef','123456') FROM dual;
2. TRANSLATE (
3. --------------
4. 123456ghij
5.
6. SELECT TRANSLATE('abcdefghij','abcdefghij','123456') FROM dual;
7. TRANSL
8. ----------
9. 123456
语法:TRANSLATE(expr,from,to)
expr: 代表一串字符,from 与 to 是从左到右一一对应的关系,如果不能对应,则视为空值。
举例:
select translate('abcbbaadef','ba','#@') from dual (b将被#替代,a将被@替代)
select translate('abcbbaadef','bad','#@') from dual (b将被#替代,a将被@替代,d对应的值是空值,将被移走)
因此:结果依次为:@#c##@@def 和@#c##@@ef
语法:TRANSLATE(expr,from,to)
expr: 代表一串字符,from 与 to 是从左到右一一对应的关系,如果不能对应,则视为空值。
举例:
select translate('abcbbaadef','ba','#@') from dual (b将被#替代,a将被@替代)
select translate('abcbbaadef','bad','#@') from dual (b将被#替代,a将被@替代,d对应的值是空值,将被移走)
因此:结果依次为:@#c##@@def 和@#c##@@ef

示例如下:

 示例一:将数字转换为9,其他的大写字母转换为X,然后返回。

SELECT TRANSLATE('2KRW229','0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','9999999999XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX')                                               "License"FROM DUAL

示例二:将数字保留,将其他的大写字母移除。

SELECT TRANSLATE('2KRW229','0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','0123456789') "Translate example"FROM DUAL

罗勇补充示例如下:

示例三:示例证明是按照字符来处理,不是按照字节来处理,如果to_string的字符数比from_string多的话,多出的字符数似乎没有什么用处,也不会引发异常。

SELECT TRANSLATE('我是中国人,我爱中国', '中国', 'China') "Translate example"

FROM DUAL

示例四:下面的示例证明,如果from_string的字符数大于to_string,那么多出的字符会被移除,也就是ina三个字符会从char参数中移除,当然区分大小写啦。

SELECT TRANSLATE('I am Chinese, I love China', 'China', '中国') "Translate example"

FROM DUAL

示例五:以下示例证明,如果第二个参数为空字符串,整个返回null。

SELECT TRANSLATE('2KRW229',
'0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ',
'') "License"
FROM DUAL

示例六:在银行转帐时经常看见账户人只显示姓名的最后一个字,其余的用星号代替,我就用translate来做个类似的东西吧。

SELECT TRANSLATE('中国人',

substr('中国人',1,length('中国人') - 1),

rpad('*',length('中国人'),'*')) "License"

     FROM DUAL

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