hive创建数据库
Databases in Hive 1. 如果在 hive 中未定义数据库的话,这个 “default” 作为默认的数据库。 2. 创建数据库的语法很简单: hive create databasefinancials; 如果 financials 存在的话 , 就会抛出错误,可以这样: hive create databases IF NOT EXISTS fi
Databases in Hive
1.如果在hive中未定义数据库的话,这个“default”作为默认的数据库。
2.创建数据库的语法很简单:
hive> create databasefinancials;
如果financials存在的话,就会抛出错误,可以这样:
hive> create databases IF NOT EXISTS financials;
3.在“database”相关命令行可以使用“schema”代替“database”。
4.如果存在较多的数据库,可以使用相关的表达式,like或alike+数据库名开头的字母和以”.*”结尾,如:
hive> show databases like ‘f.*’; (f代表financial数据库)
5.hive为每个数据库创建一个路径,表在被存储在相应的子路径中。默认的“default”的数据库没有自己的路径;数据库的路径这个属性中设置:hive.metastore.warehouse.dir,其中默认的属性值是 /user/hive/warehouse。
当数据库financial被创建,hive会为其创建路径为 /user/hive/warehouse、financial.db,.db是数据库名的扩展。
n 你也可以修改默认的路径:
hive> create database financials
> location ‘/my/preferred/directory’;
n 可以为数据库增加解释性内容:
hive> create database financials
> comment ‘holds all financial tables’;
n describe database 命令,也表明了数据库的路径。
n 将key-values属性和数据库结合起来,如:
hive> create database financials
> with dbproperties (‘creator=’markMoney’,’data’=’2012-10-18’);
此时描述数据库信息:
hive> describe database extendedfinancials;
n “use”命令是使某一数据库处于当前使用的数据库:
hive>use financials;
可惜没用命令可以表现出当前正在使用的数据库,因此我们使用’use’命令设置数据库为当前使用的数据库。因为在hive中没有数据库的概念。
6.设置属性打印出当前的数据库:
hive> set hive.cli.print.current.db=true;
hive (financials)> use default;
hive (default)> sethive.cli.print.current.db=false;
hive> …..
删除数据库: hive> drop database ifexists financials;
默认情况下,hive是不允许删除含有表的数据库,首先删除表,之后在命令行使用‘CASCADE’关键词,同样可以使用‘RESTRICT’:
hive> drop database if exists financials cascade;
当数据库被删除,其路径也被删除了。
7.在‘DBPROPERTIES’中可以设置键值对属性。
hive> alter database financials set dbproperties(‘edited-by’=’Joe Dba’);
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