Visual Studio里面的搜索和浏览的一些技巧
这是我写的关于VS2010和.Net4的 博客系列 的第27篇。 今天的文章继续上星期我的 调试技巧文章 ，并谈谈Visual Studio里比较有用的搜索和浏览的技巧。我的朋友 Scott Cate （他写了很多关于VS使用技巧和窍门的 博客 ）最近向我强调了这些很好的技巧，大部分使
这是我写的关于VS2010和.Net4的博客系列的第27篇。今天的文章继续上星期我的调试技巧文章，并谈谈Visual Studio里比较有用的搜索和浏览的技巧。我的朋友Scott Cate（他写了很多关于VS使用技巧和窍门的博客）最近向我强调了这些很好的技巧，大部分使用VS的开发人员好像不知道这些技巧（即使他们大部分都在产品开发组呆过一阵子）。
如果你还没有使用过这些技巧，希望这篇博文能帮你发现它们。 它们学起来很容易，能帮你节省很多时间。
Ctrl + i渐进搜索
大多数使用Visual Studio的程序员都习惯了在IDE里按“Ctrl + F”键来打开“查找窗口”。但令人惊讶的是，有很多程序员不知道Visual Studio里的“渐进搜索”这个功能。它可以让你在当前文档里进行搜索，而且允许你不用打开对话框就可以搜索。
使用渐进搜索
在编辑器里按“Ctrl + i”即可启用渐进搜索。它会换掉鼠标图标，并将IDE状态栏的左下角改成“渐进式搜索：（搜索关键字）”—你可以键入要搜索的关键字，并且编辑器会从你在源代码的位置开始搜索（不用打开对话框）。
下面我们搜索“action”，VS会在文件里高亮第一次使用到它的地方。
我们可以接着按“Ctrl + i”来搜索下一个用到它的地方（可以重复多次）：
按“Ctrl + Shift + i”可以反方向搜索，这样避免回溯。
你可以通过“Esc”键跳出渐进式搜索。这里有关于渐进式搜索更详尽的资料。
F3和Shift + F3 –使用以前的关键字查找
关于渐进式搜索的一个很炫的技巧是，当你按下ESC键退出搜索时，它会将关键字添加到IDE的查找栈里。在VS的标准工具栏上的“查找”下拉框，你可以看到用过的搜索关键字：
在Visual Studio里，按F3键可以让你重复上次的搜索。这在你查找一些东西，改一下代码，然后要从改动过的地方继续搜索的时候非常有用。只要按下F3，你就可以在文档新的位置上重复上次的搜索（例如“action”）—不需要重新键入搜索关键字。
按“Shift + F3”可以使用 上次搜索关键字进行反向搜索（从光标在编???器的当期位置开始）。你可以很方便地用F3/Shift+F3的组合在文档里向前向后搜索。
Ctrl + F3—搜索当前选择的文本
另外一个搜索技巧是，为了避免键入关键字，你可以在代码编辑器里选中一个单词（或单词的一部分），然后按“Ctrl + F3”来在当前文件搜索下一个用到它的地方：
按“Ctrl +F3”搜索选中文本的下一个实例—这样避免你键入它:
跟前面讲的类似，你可以用“Ctrl + Shift + F3”来进行反向搜索，即从文本里回溯搜索。
Ctrl + Shift + F –在解决方案里搜索
有时你会想在整个解决方案里进行搜索。
“Ctrl + F”打开的查找对话框默认是在当前文档进行搜索。“Ctrl + Shift + F”打开的查找对话框默认在整个解决方案里进行搜索：
执行一个这样的搜索，会打开IDE里的“查找结果”窗口，你可以在里面定位到搜索关键字的每个实例：
你可以在“查找结果”窗口里双击一项来跳到关键字出现的地方。
有一个很多人都不知道的技巧，就是按“F8”或者“Shift + F8”可以在列表的前后项之间切换。这使得在里面定位变得更快更容易，这样就不用使用鼠标来进行移动了。
Shift + F12 –查找用途
大部分使用Visual Studio的程序员都知道选中一个类型，然后按F12来“转到定义”。它会跳转到定义类型的地方，这样查看类型定义就变得很方便。
但大部分程序员都不知道“Shift + F12”—它会找出所有用到一个特定类型的地方。让你快速找到一个类型的用法。要用它，只要选中或者把光标放在一个类型，然后按“Shift + F12”：
然后它会打开“查找符号结果”窗口，并列出当前解决方案里所有用到这个类型的地方：
跟前面一样，按“F8”或者“Shift + F8”可以在列表的前后项之间切换。
Ctrl +减号和Shift + Ctrl +减号–向前/向后定位
打开另一个代码文件，查看一些东西，然后想回到前面文件的位置，这样的经历你有过吗？比如说，用F12“转到定义” 后，然后要跳回原来用到类型的代码那里？
一个很多人都不知道的VS的功能，就是“回溯定位”组合键—“Ctrl + （减号键）”。它会在导航栈中跳转到以前的文档或者位置。
要看它是如何工作的，请先在Visual Studio里选中一个类型。下面我选中了“IController”接口：
按F12跳到它的定义处，会打开一个新的编辑器窗口并显示选中类型的源代码：
现在要回到我们当初的位置，按“Ctrl + （减号键）”，然后VS就会把我们带回原来的地方：
而如果你想要在导航栈里往前走（也就是要回到IController.cs文件），那就按“Shift + Ctrl + （减号键）”。
Sara Ford有一篇不错的文章深入讲解了这个功能，还解释了将新的位置压入导航栈的条件。
Ctrl + Alt +（向下键）-定位一个打开的文件
曾经在IDE里打开了数不清的文件，想要找到一个容易的方法漫步其中？
一个很有用的按键组合就是“Ctrl + Alt + （向下键）”—这时VS会显示一个下拉框并列出所有打开的文件：
你可以使用箭头键来选择要浏览的文件—或者最好开始敲文件名，Visual Studio会为你在列表里高亮它。比如说，上面我敲了“Mo”，Visual Studio高亮“ModelBinder.cs”。按下“Enter”键就会帮我打开那个文件：
这是一个在文件之间很好的、便利的浏览方式，不需要使用鼠标，或者要让你的手离开键盘。另外记住“Ctrl + （减号）”可以让你回到原来的位置。
定位到，调用层次结构和引用高亮功能
Visual Studio 2010提供了一大批新的代码定位和查找功能—包括新的“定位到”对话框，“查看调用层次结构”功能和引用高亮功能：
我在之前的博客里提到了VS 2010这三个新功能。如果你还没有读过这篇文章并体验它们的能量，我非常推荐你去试试—它们是很好的补充。
编辑器其他方面的改进
VS 2010里面有数不清的改进—我在之前的博客里也提到很多。这使我之前的几篇VS 2010编辑器的文章：
·改进过的C#/VB代码智能感知
·改进过的JavaScript代码智能感知
·框选和多行编辑支持
·ASP.NET, HTML和JavaScript代码片段支持
另外也请看看我关于VS 2010和.NET 4改进系列的其他博客。
总结
上面大部分功能实际在Visual Studio已经存在了好几个版本—但还是有非常多的程序员不知道他们。希望这篇博客提供了一条捷径帮你了解它们。如果你需要记住这些按键—打印一份VS 2010快键招贴画，并贴在你显示器旁边。
如果还要学习更多的Visual Studio技巧，请订阅Scott Cate的Visual Studio技巧系列文章（里面已经有83个超棒的技巧了），也可以订阅Sara Ford的博客—历年来，她也有一个很棒的技巧集。
希望这能对您有所帮助。
Scott
原文：http://weblogs.asp.net/scottgu/archive/2010/08/24/search-and-navigation-tips-tricks-with-visual-studio.aspx
中文翻译：http://blogs.msdn.com/b/scottgu/archive/2011/10/08/visual-studio-1.aspx
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