深入理解Oracle索引(18):函数索引的陷阱以及如何避免索引被污染
㈠ 函数索引的陷阱 使用函数索引一定要注意在函数代码变更后重建函数索引、否则、Oracle将返回错误结果但不给提示 测试如下: [plain] view plaincopyprint? SPANstyle=BACKGROUND-COLOR:rgb(102,102,102)hr@ORCLdroptabletpurge; Tabledropped. hr@ORCLcrea
㈠ 函数索引的陷阱使用函数索引一定要注意在函数代码变更后重建函数索引、否则、Oracle将返回错误结果但不给提示
测试如下:
[plain] view plaincopyprint?
- hr@ORCL> drop table t purge;
- Table dropped.
- hr@ORCL> create table t (x number,y varchar2(30));
- Table created.
- hr@ORCL> insert into t select rownum,rownum||'a' from dual connect by rownum
- 999 rows created.
- hr@ORCL> ed
- Wrote file afiedt.buf
- 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2
- 2 deterministic is
- 3 begin
- 4 return p_value;
- 5* end;
- 6
- 7 /
- Function created.
- hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));
- Index created.
- hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);
- PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
- hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';
- X Y
- ---------- ------------------------------
- 8 8a
- hr@ORCL> ed //ed是什么splplus命令?
- Wrote file afiedt.buf
- 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2
- 2 deterministic is
- 3 begin
- 4 return p_value||'b';
- 5* end;
- hr@ORCL> /
- Function created.
- /* 此时的函数 f_david 已经不是我们所认识的那个了、但是查询依然如故!!!*/
- hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';
- X Y
- ---------- ------------------------------
- 8 8a
- /* 索引重建查询没有记录、这才是我们要的正确结果*/
- hr@ORCL> drop index idx_f_david_t;
- Index dropped.
- hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));
- Index created.
- hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);
- PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
- hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';
- no rows selected
<span>hr@ORCL> drop table t purge; Table dropped. hr@ORCL> create table t (x number,y varchar2(30)); Table created. hr@ORCL> insert into t select rownum,rownum||'a' from dual connect by rownum ed Wrote file afiedt.buf 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2 2 deterministic is 3 begin 4 return p_value; 5* end; 6 7 / Function created. hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y)); Index created. hr@ORCL> <span><span><strong>exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false); //这句话什么意思?</strong> </span> </span>PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a'; X Y ---------- ------------------------------ 8 8a hr@ORCL> ed Wrote file afiedt.buf 1 create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2 2 deterministic is 3 begin 4 return p_value||'b'; 5* end; hr@ORCL> / Function created. /* 此时的函数 f_david 已经不是我们所认识的那个了、但是查询依然如故!!!*/ hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a'; X Y ---------- ------------------------------ 8 8a /* 索引重建查询没有记录、这才是我们要的正确结果*/ hr@ORCL> drop index idx_f_david_t; Index dropped. hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y)); Index created. hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a'; no rows selected</span>
㈡ 避免索引被污染
这里给出 2 条意见、
① 不要在字段前增加函数
如:
to_char(start_time,'yyyy.mm.dd') between '2013.06.06' and '2013.06.10'
和
start_time between to_date('2013.06.06','yyyy.mm.dd') and to_date('2013.06.10','yyyy.mm.dd')
任何时候都应该是第二种!!!
② 不要把字段嵌入到表达式中
如:
start_time + 7
和
start_time
By David Lin
2013-06-06
Good Luck

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