Home Database Mysql Tutorial 深入理解Oracle索引(18):函数索引的陷阱以及如何避免索引被污染

深入理解Oracle索引(18):函数索引的陷阱以及如何避免索引被污染

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:46 PM
oracle function how go deep understand index avoid trap

㈠ 函数索引的陷阱 使用函数索引一定要注意在函数代码变更后重建函数索引、否则、Oracle将返回错误结果但不给提示 测试如下: [plain] view plaincopyprint? SPANstyle=BACKGROUND-COLOR:rgb(102,102,102)hr@ORCLdroptabletpurge; Tabledropped. hr@ORCLcrea

     ㈠ 函数索引的陷阱
     
        使用函数索引一定要注意在函数代码变更后重建函数索引、否则、Oracle将返回错误结果但不给提示
     

        测试如下:

[plain] view plaincopyprint?

  1. hr@ORCL> drop table t purge;  
  2.   
  3. Table dropped.  
  4.   
  5. hr@ORCL> create table t (x number,y varchar2(30));  
  6.   
  7. Table created.  
  8.   
  9. hr@ORCL> insert into t select rownum,rownum||'a' from dual connect by rownum
  10.   
  11. 999 rows created.  
  12.   
  13. hr@ORCL> ed  
  14. Wrote file afiedt.buf  
  15.   
  16.   1  create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2  
  17.   2  deterministic is  
  18.   3  begin  
  19.   4  return p_value;  
  20.   5* end;  
  21.   6    
  22.   7  /  
  23.   
  24. Function created.  
  25.   
  26. hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));  
  27.   
  28. Index created.  
  29.   
  30. hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);  
  31.   
  32. PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.  
  33.   
  34. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';  
  35.   
  36.          X Y  
  37. ---------- ------------------------------  
  38.          8 8a  
  39.   
  40. hr@ORCL> ed         //ed是什么splplus命令?
  41. Wrote file afiedt.buf  
  42.   
  43.   1  create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2  
  44.   2  deterministic is  
  45.   3  begin  
  46.   4  return p_value||'b';  
  47.   5* end;  
  48. hr@ORCL> /  
  49.   
  50. Function created.  
  51.   
  52. /* 此时的函数 f_david 已经不是我们所认识的那个了、但是查询依然如故!!!*/  
  53. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';  
  54.   
  55.          X Y  
  56. ---------- ------------------------------  
  57.          8 8a  
  58.   
  59.   
  60. /* 索引重建查询没有记录、这才是我们要的正确结果*/  
  61. hr@ORCL> drop index idx_f_david_t;  
  62.   
  63. Index dropped.  
  64.   
  65. hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));  
  66.   
  67. Index created.  
  68.   
  69. hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);  
  70.   
  71. PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.  
  72.   
  73. hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';  
  74.   
  75. no rows selected  
<span>hr@ORCL> drop table t purge;

Table dropped.

hr@ORCL> create table t (x number,y varchar2(30));

Table created.

hr@ORCL> insert into t select rownum,rownum||'a' from dual connect by rownum ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

  1  create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2
  2  deterministic is
  3  begin
  4  return p_value;
  5* end;
  6  
  7  /

Function created.

hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));

Index created.

hr@ORCL> <span><span><strong>exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);  //这句话什么意思?</strong>
</span>
</span>PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';

         X Y
---------- ------------------------------
         8 8a

hr@ORCL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf

  1  create or replace function f_david(p_value varchar2) return varchar2
  2  deterministic is
  3  begin
  4  return p_value||'b';
  5* end;
hr@ORCL> /

Function created.

/* 此时的函数 f_david 已经不是我们所认识的那个了、但是查询依然如故!!!*/
hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';

         X Y
---------- ------------------------------
         8 8a


/* 索引重建查询没有记录、这才是我们要的正确结果*/
hr@ORCL> drop index idx_f_david_t;

Index dropped.

hr@ORCL> create index idx_f_david_t on t (f_david(y));

Index created.

hr@ORCL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(ownname=>'HR',tabname=>'T',estimate_percent=>100,cascade=>TRUE,no_invalidate=>false);

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

hr@ORCL> select * from t where f_david(y)='8a';

no rows selected</span>
Copy after login


     ㈡ 避免索引被污染
     
        这里给出 2 条意见、
       
        ① 不要在字段前增加函数
          
           如:
           to_char(start_time,'yyyy.mm.dd') between '2013.06.06' and '2013.06.10'
           和
           start_time between to_date('2013.06.06','yyyy.mm.dd') and to_date('2013.06.10','yyyy.mm.dd')
          
           任何时候都应该是第二种!!!
          
        ② 不要把字段嵌入到表达式中
          
           如:
           start_time + 7            和
           start_time
     
     
                                                                 By David Lin 
                                                                 2013-06-06 
                                                                 Good Luck 

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