MySQLdb库连接MySQL数据库
Python DB-API是Python的数据库应用程序接口,支持包括Oracle,MySQL,DB2,MSSQL,Sybase等主流数据库,但不同的数据库,需要下载不同的模块,比如说:MySQLdb模块支持MySQL. 虽然模不一样,但所有这些API执行步骤是一致的: 1. 导入API模 2. 获取与数据库的连接
Python DB-API是Python的数据库应用程序接口,支持包括Oracle,MySQL,DB2,MSSQL,Sybase等主流数据库,但不同的数据库,需要下载不同的模块,比如说:MySQLdb模块支持MySQL. 虽然模不一样,但所有这些API执行步骤是一致的:
1. 导入API模
2. 获取与数据库的连接.
3. 发出SQL语句和存储过程.
4. 关闭连接
下面以MySQLdb模块来做说明:
安装
首先必须安装。Windows下载链接:http://www.codegood.com/archives/4
插入
#导入相关模块 import MySQLdb #建立和mysql数据库的连接 dbconn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='abcd') #获取游标 cursor = dbconn.cursor() #执行SQL,创建一个数据库 cursor.execute("drop database if exists test") cursor.execute("create database test") #选择连接哪个数据库 dbconn.select_db('test') #引入异常处理 try: #执行SQL,创建一个表 cursor.execute("create table log(id int,message varchar(50))") #插入一条记录 value = [0,"Log Information ID is:0"] cursor.execute("insert into log values(%s,%s)",value) #插入多条记录 values = [] for i in range(1,11): values.append((i,'Log Information ID is:' + str(i))) cursor.executemany("insert into log values(%s,%s)",values) #提交修改 dbconn.commit() except: #如果执行SQL语句有错,则回滚! dbconn.rollback() #关闭游标连接,释放资源 cursor.close() #关闭连接 dbconn.close()
查询
数据库建立连接后,可以使用fetchone()方法来获取单个记录或者fetchAll方法fetech从数据库表的多个值.
fetchone(): 这种方法获取查询结果集的下一行。结果集是一个对象时,将返回一个游标对象用于查询表.
fetchall(): 这种方法获取结果集的所有行。如果某些行已经从结果集中提取,fetchAll()方法检索结果集的其余行.
rowcount: 这是一个只读属性,返回受影响的行数execute()方法.
#导入模块 import MySQLdb #也可以将数据库名放到Connect() dbconn = MySQLdb.Connection('127.0.0.1', 'root', 'abcd', 'test') cursor = dbconn.cursor() count = cursor.execute('select * from log') print '总共有 %s 条记录',count #获取一条记录,每条记录做为一个元组返回 print "只获取一条记录:" result = cursor.fetchone(); print result print 'ID: %s Log Info: %s' % result #获取5条记录,注意由于之前执行有了fetchone(),所以游标已经指到第二条记录了,也就是从第二条开始的所有记录 print "只获取5条记录:" results = cursor.fetchmany(5) for res in results: print res print "获取所有结果:" #重置游标位置,0,为偏移量,mode=absolute | relative,默认为relative, cursor.scroll(0,mode='absolute') #获取所有结果 results = cursor.fetchall() for res in results: print res dbconn.close()
C:\Work\Python\Learn>python select.py 总共有 %s 条记录 11 只获取一条记录: (0L, 'Log Information ID is:0') ID: 0 Log Info: Log Information ID is:0 只获取5条记录: (1L, 'Log Information ID is:1') (2L, 'Log Information ID is:2') (3L, 'Log Information ID is:3') (4L, 'Log Information ID is:4') (5L, 'Log Information ID is:5') 获取所有结果: (0L, 'Log Information ID is:0') (1L, 'Log Information ID is:1') (2L, 'Log Information ID is:2') (3L, 'Log Information ID is:3') (4L, 'Log Information ID is:4') (5L, 'Log Information ID is:5') (6L, 'Log Information ID is:6') (7L, 'Log Information ID is:7') (8L, 'Log Information ID is:8') (9L, 'Log Information ID is:9') (10L, 'Log Information ID is:10')

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