oracle压力测试之orabm
数据库压力测试 一、用orabm测试数据库CPU Orabm通过在用户指定的并发下运行指定数量的事务来测试系统性能.它主要测试数据库服务器的CPU性能和内存。 orabm实际上是一堆sql的集合。 orabm可以用在linux/windows/solaris下使用。 orabm不一定需要运行在数据库
数据库压力测试
一、用orabm测试数据库CPU
Orabm通过在用户指定的并发下运行指定数量的事务来测试系统性能.它主要测试数据库服务器的CPU性能和内存。
orabm实际上是一堆sql的集合。
orabm可以用在linux/windows/solaris下使用。
orabm不一定需要运行在数据库所在服务器上，它可以运行在任何安装了9i客户端的终端上。你可以用客户端连接到远程数据库来测试远程数据库的性能状况。
因 为orabm主要测试的是CPU和内存，所以应该尽量避免其他因素影响测试，故使用orabm时，为了更好的测试CPU和内存的性能，最好把 db_cache_size设成大于200M，这样，所有的数据都可以放在内存中，不会因为物理I/O而使得测试不准确。使用orabm的一个步骤就是把 所有的表和索引都放到data buffer中。
1、下载软件
orabm是测试CPU得
http://www.linxcel.co.uk/orabm/orabm.tar
2、安装
安装主要分7个步骤，分别对应6个sql脚本和一个导入数据的小工具。如下所有脚本除第一个必须用拥有dba权限的用户执行外，其他的都可以用新建orabm用户执行。为了避免麻烦，最好都用system或者sys运行
1) create the ORABM user (assumes TOOLS tablespace, TEMP temporary tablespace)
第
一步是创建orabm用户，并作相应授权。注意，默认情况下，orabm用户的默认表空间是tools，临时表空间是temp。导入一个
Warehouses的数据量大概是100M，所以，你应该保证tools表空间大于150m，或者新建一个表空间，然后修改
orabm_user.sql里的相关信息。
sqlplus system/pwd @orabm_user
远程数据库使用：
sqlplus
system/pwd@tnsname
@orabm_user
2) create the tables
这一步主要创建orabm测试需要的表。
sqlplus system/pwd @orabm_tab
远程数据库使用：
sqlplus
system/pwd@tnsname
@orabm_tag
3) Load the data
导入测试所需的数据（orabmload在OS的对应版本的bin目录下）
$ orabmload Warehouses 1
远程数据库使用：
如果要测试的是远程数据库的话，
windows需要先set local=tnsname，tnsname是在tnsname.ora中配置的远程数据库的别名。
UNIX/LIINUX，需要先TWO_TASK=tnsname
$ orabmload Warehouses 1
4) create the indexes
这一步创建索引
sqlplus system/pwd @orabm_ind
远程数据库使用：
sqlplus
system/pwd@tnsname
@orabm_ind
5) analyze the tables and indexes
分析表和索引
sqlplus system/pwd @orabm_analyze
远程数据库使用：
sqlplus
system/pwd@tnsname
@orabm_analyze
6) create the stress-test PL/SQL procedures
创建压力测试所需的存储过程
sqlplus system/pwd @orabm_serverside_stress
远程数据库使用：
sqlplus
system/pwd@tnsname
@orabm_serverside_stress
7) cache the table and index data in the SGA
把表和索引都放到SGA中，原因在上文已经介绍了。
sqlplus system/pwd @orabm_cache
远程数据库使用：
sqlplus
system/pwd@tnsname
@orabm_cache
执行完这7个步骤，orabm的测试环境就算配置完成了。
3、测试
现在我们就可以进行测试了。设置好ORACLE_SID，然后进入到OS对应的版本的bin目录下：
如果测试本地数据库：
$ orabm 1 20000
如果测试远程数据库，则执行
C:> orabm 1 20000 tnsname
注意不要加"@"
orabm后接2个参数（如果测试远程的压力则接三个参数）。
第一个参数表示测试多少个并发（对应多个session）
第二个参数表示执行多少个事务（注意：不是所有的并发共执行多少事务，而是每个并发执行的事务数），一般来说，这个值设置为10000
第三个参数是在测试远程数据库的时候用的，值为tnsnames.ora配置的远程数据库连接的别名
orabm 2 1000
表示用2个并发执行1000个事务
orabm 1,2,6,10 1000
表示分别用1、2、6、19个并发执行1000个事务
执行的结果会打印在屏幕上，同时写到orabm所在目录的orabm.
TPS 是Transactions Per Second 的 缩 写， 也 就 是 事 务 数/ 秒
tps的计算：每一个阶段所有session的tps相加就是当前测试的总tps了。
下面是一个测试实例：
环境配置如下：
CPU P4 2.6
MEM: 1G
OS: WINDOWS XP SP2
DATABASE: 9201
SGA:300M
LOGFILE: 100M
LOG_BUFFER: 3M
D:programeroracle tools压力orabmbinwindows>orabm 1,2,6,10,15,20,25,30 1000
0
---begin sess=1 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 17:47:54 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=15 tps=533 sl=3966(49.6%) on=2478(31
%) oi=1555(19.4%) end=200906-17:48:13
---end - Wed Sep 20 17:48:13 2006
---begin sess=2 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 17:48:13 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=28 tps=286 sl=3933(49.2%) on=2436(30
.5%) oi=1630(20.4%) end=200906-17:48:48
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=28 tps=286 sl=3925(49.1%) on=2422(30
.3%) oi=1652(20.7%) end=200906-17:48:48
---end - Wed Sep 20 17:48:48 2006
---begin sess=6 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 17:48:48 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=80 tps=100 sl=3978(49.7%) on=2415(30
.2%) oi=1606(20.1%) end=200906-17:50:28
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=77 tps=104 sl=4016(50.2%) on=2417(30
.2%) oi=1566(19.6%) end=200906-17:50:29
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=79 tps=101 sl=4078(51%) on=2374(29.7
%) oi=1547(19.3%) end=200906-17:50:29
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=86 tps=93 sl=3993(49.9%) on=2376(29.
7%) oi=1630(20.4%) end=200906-17:50:31
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=84 tps=95 sl=4049(50.6%) on=2321(29%
) oi=1629(20.4%) end=200906-17:50:31
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=86 tps=93 sl=3963(49.5%) on=2420(30.
3%) oi=1616(20.2%) end=200906-17:50:31
---end - Wed Sep 20 17:50:31 2006
---begin sess=10 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 17:50:31 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=112 tps=71 sl=4005(50.1%) on=2391(29
.9%) oi=1603(20%) end=200906-17:52:54
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=126 tps=63 sl=3994(49.9%) on=2433(30
.4%) oi=1572(19.7%) end=200906-17:53:05
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=125 tps=64 sl=3979(49.7%) on=2470(30
.9%) oi=1550(19.4%) end=200906-17:53:09
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=131 tps=61 sl=4030(50.4%) on=2361(29
.5%) oi=1608(20.1%) end=200906-17:53:13
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=134 tps=60 sl=3992(49.9%) on=2390(29
.9%) oi=1617(20.2%) end=200906-17:53:14
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=135 tps=59 sl=3998(50%) on=2352(29.4
%) oi=1649(20.6%) end=200906-17:53:15
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=138 tps=58 sl=3962(49.5%) on=2421(30
.3%) oi=1616(20.2%) end=200906-17:53:17
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=138 tps=58 sl=3999(50%) on=2412(30.2
%) oi=1588(19.9%) end=200906-17:53:17
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=136 tps=59 sl=3988(49.9%) on=2484(31
.1%) oi=1527(19.1%) end=200906-17:53:18
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=143 tps=56 sl=3992(49.9%) on=2365(29
.6%) oi=1642(20.5%) end=200906-17:53:18
---end - Wed Sep 20 17:53:18 2006
---begin sess=15 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 17:53:18 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=168 tps=48 sl=4029(50.4%) on=2377(29
.7%) oi=1593(19.9%) end=200906-17:56:51
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=170 tps=47 sl=4023(50.3%) on=2406(30
.1%) oi=1570(19.6%) end=200906-17:56:52
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=172 tps=47 sl=3932(49.2%) on=2484(31
.1%) oi=1583(19.8%) end=200906-17:57:01
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=191 tps=42 sl=4014(50.2%) on=2461(30
.8%) oi=1524(19.1%) end=200906-17:57:17
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=198 tps=40 sl=3993(49.9%) on=2396(30
%) oi=1610(20.1%) end=200906-17:57:19
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=192 tps=42 sl=4000(50%) on=2392(29.9
%) oi=1607(20.1%) end=200906-17:57:19
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=202 tps=40 sl=3996(50%) on=2390(29.9
%) oi=1613(20.2%) end=200906-17:57:21
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=195 tps=41 sl=4023(50.3%) on=2365(29
.6%) oi=1611(20.1%) end=200906-17:57:21
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=200 tps=40 sl=3962(49.5%) on=2411(30
.1%) oi=1626(20.3%) end=200906-17:57:21
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=203 tps=39 sl=4039(50.5%) on=2385(29
.8%) oi=1575(19.7%) end=200906-17:57:21
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=198 tps=40 sl=3998(50%) on=2406(30.1
%) oi=1595(19.9%) end=200906-17:57:22
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=204 tps=39 sl=4025(50.3%) on=2364(29
.6%) oi=1610(20.1%) end=200906-17:57:22
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=208 tps=38 sl=3944(49.3%) on=2475(30
.9%) oi=1580(19.8%) end=200906-17:57:23
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=201 tps=40 sl=3944(49.3%) on=2448(30
.6%) oi=1607(20.1%) end=200906-17:57:23
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=217 tps=37 sl=3960(49.5%) on=2451(30
.6%) oi=1588(19.9%) end=200906-17:57:24
---end - Wed Sep 20 17:57:24 2006
---begin sess=20 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 17:57:24 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=208 tps=38 sl=4033(50.4%) on=2308(28
.9%) oi=1658(20.7%) end=200906-18:01:49
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=254 tps=31 sl=4093(51.2%) on=2382(29
.8%) oi=1524(19.1%) end=200906-18:02:41
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=257 tps=31 sl=3988(49.9%) on=2416(30
.2%) oi=1595(19.9%) end=200906-18:02:41
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=252 tps=32 sl=4088(51.1%) on=2375(29
.7%) oi=1536(19.2%) end=200906-18:02:42
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=260 tps=31 sl=3970(49.6%) on=2422(30
....
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=272 tps=29 sl=4005(50.1%) on=2402(30
%) oi=1592(19.9%) end=200906-18:02:55
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=280 tps=29 sl=4002(50%) on=2420(30.3
%) oi=1577(19.7%) end=200906-18:02:55
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=276 tps=29 sl=3981(49.8%) on=2428(30
.4%) oi=1590(19.9%) end=200906-18:02:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=289 tps=28 sl=3974(49.7%) on=2399(30
%) oi=1626(20.3%) end=200906-18:02:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=276 tps=29 sl=4027(50.3%) on=2379(29
.7%) oi=1593(19.9%) end=200906-18:02:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=272 tps=29 sl=4031(50.4%) on=2399(30
%) oi=1569(19.6%) end=200906-18:02:56
---end - Wed Sep 20 18:02:56 2006
---begin sess=25 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 18:02:56 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=235 tps=34 sl=3996(50%) on=2414(30.2
%) oi=1589(19.9%) end=200906-18:07:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=242 tps=33 sl=3997(50%) on=2408(30.1
%) oi=1594(19.9%) end=200906-18:07:57
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=308 tps=26 sl=4058(50.7%) on=2387(29
.8%) oi=1554(19.4%) end=200906-18:09:16
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=305 tps=26 sl=3959(49.5%) on=2433(30
.4%) oi=1607(20.1%) end=200906-18:09:17
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=307 tps=26 sl=4051(50.6%) on=2387(29
.8%) oi=1561(19.5%) end=200906-18:09:26
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=327 tps=24 sl=3972(49.7%) on=2444(30
.6%) oi=1583(19.8%) end=200906-18:09:26
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=330 tps=24 sl=4022(50.3%) on=2387(29
.8%) oi=1590(19.9%) end=200906-18:09:27
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=312 tps=26 sl=3973(49.7%) on=2413(30
.2%) oi=1613(20.2%) end=200906-18:09:29
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=320 tps=25 sl=4050(50.6%) on=2378(29
.7%) oi=1571(19.6%) end=200906-18:09:30
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=314 tps=25 sl=4005(50.1%) on=2366(29
.6%) oi=1628(20.4%) end=200906-18:09:30
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=314 tps=25 sl=4005(50.1%) on=2366(29
.6%) oi=1628(20.4%) end=200906-18:09:30
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=332 tps=24 sl=3965(49.6%) on=2409(30
.1%) oi=1625(20.3%) end=200906-18:09:30
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=317 tps=25 sl=3997(50%) on=2424(30.3
%) oi=1578(19.7%) end=200906-18:09:32
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=316 tps=25 sl=3970(49.6%) on=2384(29
.8%) oi=1645(20.6%) end=200906-18:09:33
....
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=350 tps=23 sl=3966(49.6%) on=2449(30
.6%) oi=1584(19.8%) end=200906-18:09:41
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=350 tps=23 sl=4030(50.4%) on=2328(29
.1%) oi=1641(20.5%) end=200906-18:09:42
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=353 tps=23 sl=4027(50.3%) on=2414(30
.2%) oi=1558(19.5%) end=200906-18:09:43
---end - Wed Sep 20 18:09:43 2006
---begin sess=30 txn=10000 ORACLE_SID=oracle9i Wed Sep 20 18:09:43 2006
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=286 tps=28 sl=3942(49.3%) on=2392(29
.9%) oi=1665(20.8%) end=200906-18:15:35
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=288 tps=28 sl=4001(50%) on=2396(30%)
oi=1602(20%) end=200906-18:15:44
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=286 tps=28 sl=3912(48.9%) on=2444(30
.6%) oi=1643(20.5%) end=200906-18:15:51
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=373 tps=21 sl=4007(50.1%) on=2408(30
.1%) oi=1584(19.8%) end=200906-18:17:24
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=372 tps=22 sl=4012(50.2%) on=2375(29
.7%) oi=1612(20.2%) end=200906-18:17:25
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=371 tps=22 sl=3987(49.8%) on=2386(29
....
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=384 tps=21 sl=4020(50.3%) on=2389(29
.9%) oi=1590(19.9%) end=200906-18:17:44
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=395 tps=20 sl=4002(50%) on=2418(30.2
%) oi=1579(19.7%) end=200906-18:17:44
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=394 tps=20 sl=4037(50.5%) on=2406(30
.1%) oi=1556(19.5%) end=200906-18:17:45
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=390 tps=21 sl=3959(49.5%) on=2389(29
.9%) oi=1651(20.6%) end=200906-18:17:45
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=395 tps=20 sl=3978(49.7%) on=2409(30
.1%) oi=1612(20.2%) end=200906-18:17:47
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=409 tps=20 sl=3988(49.9%) on=2393(29
.9%) oi=1618(20.2%) end=200906-18:17:49
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=391 tps=20 sl=4005(50.1%) on=2407(30
.1%) oi=1587(19.8%) end=200906-18:17:51
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=387 tps=21 sl=4024(50.3%) on=2433(30
.4%) oi=1542(19.3%) end=200906-18:17:53
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=394 tps=20 sl=3962(49.5%) on=2407(30
.1%) oi=1630(20.4%) end=200906-18:17:54
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=404 tps=20 sl=3991(49.9%) on=2371(29
.6%) oi=1637(20.5%) end=200906-18:17:54
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=402 tps=20 sl=4066(50.8%) on=2386(29
.8%) oi=1547(19.3%) end=200906-18:17:54
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=409 tps=20 sl=3943(49.3%) on=2545(31
.8%) oi=1511(18.9%) end=200906-18:17:55
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=399 tps=20 sl=4013(50.2%) on=2422(30
.3%) oi=1564(19.6%) end=200906-18:17:55
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=415 tps=19 sl=3964(49.6%) on=2425(30
.3%) oi=1610(20.1%) end=200906-18:17:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=415 tps=19 sl=3982(49.8%) on=2408(30
.1%) oi=1609(20.1%) end=200906-18:17:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=407 tps=20 sl=4017(50.2%) on=2431(30
.4%) oi=1551(19.4%) end=200906-18:17:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=427 tps=19 sl=4024(50.3%) on=2368(29
.6%) oi=1607(20.1%) end=200906-18:17:56
oracle9i txn(all)=10000 xn(sam)=7999 t(sam)=420 tps=19 sl=4000(50%) on=2397(30%)
oi=1602(20%) end=200906-18:17:57
---end - Wed Sep 20 18:17:57 2006
其中：
txn(all)----代表Total transaction Count,总的事务数量.
xn(sam)-----采样的事务数量
t(sam)------采样事务运行的时间.
这个结果太乱，我们可以用orabm提供的脚本orabm_tps.sh格式化一下：
这个脚本一般在linux才可用，本人的机器在windows下安装了一些linux加强工具，所以可以正常运行这个脚本
D:programeroracle tools压力orabmbin>orabm_tps.sh orabm.oracle9i.log
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=1 tps=500
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=3 tps=576
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=1 tps=533
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=2 tps=572
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=6 tps=586
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=10 tps=609
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=15 tps=620
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=20 tps=610
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=25 tps=631
ORACLE_SID=oracle9i sess=30 tps=632
在执行不要执行其他程序，正常情况下，无论多少个并发，CPU的利用率应该在100%
从结果可以看出,本机的tps在610左右。
并非并发数越多，tps就越大，有时候随着并发的增多，tps反而减小。
如果发现随着并发的增大，tps并没有明显增加，或者反而减小了，则说明已经到了系统的瓶颈了。这个临界点可以看作是系统的所能承受最大tps了。
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