Oracle SQL NULL 值对 IN/NOT IN语句的影响
今天,有一个sql NOT IN语句,匹配条件里有一个null,结果什么都查不出来,同事觉得很难理解。其实只要明白一点就可以了,IN语句匹配的时候是用=,NOT IN匹配的时会用,就很容易理解了。 首先我们要知道,null在oracle是个特殊的东西,没有任何可比性,如果
今天,有一个sql NOT IN语句,匹配条件里有一个null,结果什么都查不出来,同事觉得很难理解。其实只要明白一点就可以了,IN语句匹配的时候是用=,NOT IN匹配的时会用,就很容易理解了。
首先我们要知道,null在oracle是个特殊的东西,没有任何可比性,如果使用 =/ 对比null,得到的始终是false。null 值只能用 is null/is not null来进行对比。
已知表table:
type value
SC 1
PO 4
BO 9
select * from table where type IN('SC',null);
这句话就相当于:select * from table where type='SC' or type=null;
因为已经有 type='SC'匹配,而type=null没有可比性,可以认为被忽略了,所以在 IN 语句里的 null 可以认为没有意义。
select * from table where type NOT IN('SC',null);
这句话就相当于:select * from table where type!='SC' and type!=null;
因为 type!=null 返回的始终是false,整个查询语句不会匹配任何一条记录,所以NOT IN语句里的null会使查询没有任何结果。

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