Oracle数据操作和控制语言详解(之三)
http://wanwentao.blog.51cto.com/2406488/457604 角色和角色权限 角色权限就是将属于用户的权限授予一个角色。任何权限都可以授予给一个角色。授予系统权限给被授予者必须使用WITH_ADMIN_OPTION子句,在会话期间通过SET ROLE语句授予或撤销角色权限。然而,
http://wanwentao.blog.51cto.com/2406488/457604
角色和角色权限
角色权限就是将属于用户的权限授予一个角色。任何权限都可以授予给一个角色。授予系统权限给被授予者必须使用WITH_ADMIN_OPTION子句,在会话期间通过SET ROLE语句授予或撤销角色权限。然而,角色权限不能依靠存储在SQL中的权限。如果函数、程序、包、触发器或者方法使用另一个计划拥有的对象,那么就必须直接给对象的拥有者授权,这是因为权限不会在会话之间改变。
授予和撤销权限
给用户或者角色授予权限使用GRANT 语句,GRANT语句的语法如下:
GRANT ROLE(或system privilege) TO user(role,Public) WITH ADMIN OPTION(可选)
对象权限被授予 WITH GRANT OPTION,
权限和数据字典
数据字典是ORACLE存储有关数据库结构信息的地方,数据本身存放在其他地方,数据字典由表和视图组成。在考试中关于数据字典最容易考的内容是:查看那一类权限已经被授予。比如DBA_TAB_PRIV包含了用户授予给另一用户的对象权限和在授予时是否带有WITH GRANT OTPION子串的信息。注意DBA_TAB_PRIV不仅仅包含了对表的权限的关系,他还包括函数、包、队列等等上的权限的关系。下表列出了所有的权限和角色的数据字典视图:
表: 权限的数据字典视图
视图 |
作用 |
ALL_COL_PRIVS |
表示列上的授权,用户和PUBLIC是被授予者 |
ALL_COL_PRIVS_MADE |
表示列上的授权,用户是属主和被授予者 |
ALL_COL_RECD |
表示列上的授权,用户和PUBLIC是被授予者 |
ALL_TAB_PRIVS |
表示对象上的授权,用户是PUBLIC或被授予者或用户是属主 |
ALL_TAB_PRIVS_MADE |
表示对象上的权限,用户是属主或授予者 |
ALL_TAB_PRIVS_RECD |
表示对象上的权限, 用户是PUBLIC或被授予者 |
DBA_COL_PRIVS |
数据库列上的所有授权 |
DBA_ROLE_PRIVS |
显示已授予用户或其他角色的角色 |
DBA_SYS_PRIVS |
已授予用户或角色的系统权限 |
DBA_TAB_PRIVS |
数据库对象上的所有权限 |
ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS |
显示已授予用户的角色 |
ROLE_SYS_PRIVS |
显示通过角色授予用户的系统权限 |
ROLE_TAB_PRIVS |
显示通过角色授予用户的对象权限 |
SESSION_PRIVS |
显示用户现在可利用的所有系统权限 |
USER_COL_PRIVS |
显示列上的权限,用户是属主、授予者或被授予者 |
USER_COL_PRIVS_MADE |
显示列上已授予的权限,用户是属主或授予者 |
USER_COL_PRIVS_RECD |
显示列上已授予的权限,用户是属主或被授予者 |
USER_ROLE_PRIVS |
显示已授予给用户的所有角色 |
USER_SYS_PRIVS |
显示已授予给用户的所有系统权限 |
USER_TAB_PRIVS |
显示已授予给用户的所有对象权限 |
USER_TAB_PRIVS_MADE |
显示已授予给其他用户的对象权限,用户是属主 |
USER_TAB_PRIVS_RECD |
显示已授予给其他用户的对象权限,用户是被授予者 |

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