MongoDB复制集(ReplicationSets)简介
近年来,随着大数据越来越火,非关系型数据库的重要性被越来越多的人所认知,越来越多的开发者逐渐加入到NoSQL的阵营中。我们知道NoSQL是Not Only SQL的意思,既然如此,很多关系型数据库所支持的特性在非关系型数据中也是同样适用,比如复制集。 系统的访问
近年来,随着大数据越来越火,非关系型数据库的重要性被越来越多的人所认知,越来越多的开发者逐渐加入到NoSQL的阵营中。我们知道NoSQL是Not Only SQL的意思,既然如此,很多关系型数据库所支持的特性在非关系型数据中也是同样适用,比如复制集。
MongoDB的复制集模式是主从复制。在所有的数据库服务的机器中,只有一台机器担当Primary角色,其余的机器均是Secondaries。担当Primary角色的机器接收所有来自客户端的写(Write)操作请求,并完成该操作,从而保证了数据的一致性。担当Primary角色的机器还能够把来自客户端的读(Read)操作分配给其他机器(Secondaries),减轻主数据库服务器的压力。
那么MongoDB是如何完成各机器上数据的复制的呢?
原来,MongoDB的Primary数据库在每次对数据进行update操作时,都会将这些操作记录在oplog日志文件里。Secondaries数据库通过异步操作读取日志中的记录并在本地执行,生成数据来与Primary保持数据一致。
当Primary数据库不可用时,复制集会从Secondaries中选择一个机器作为Primary机器。默认情况下,客户端都是从Primary机器读取数据,但是客户端也可以指定从哪台副本上读取数据。
我们也可以配置一台仲裁机,仲裁并不管理复制集,它也不能成为Primary,它只是决定哪些副本集有权成为Primary。
以上就是MongoDB复制集(Replication Sets)的主要内容,如果您还有哪些地方不太理解,欢迎在评论中留言。

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