四:redis的sets类型相关操作(有序和无序集合)
================四五种(有序和无序集合):sets类型(就是集合)============= 一介绍: set表示集合,添加是是随意添加的-----无序集合 set是集合,它是string类型的无序集合。 set是通过hash table实现的,添加,删除和查找的复杂度都是0(1)。 对集合我们
================四五种(有序和无序集合):sets类型(就是集合)=============一介绍: set表示集合,添加是是随意添加的----->无序集合
set是集合,它是string类型的无序集合。
set是通过hash table实现的,添加,删除和查找的复杂度都是0(1)。
对集合我们可以取并集、交集、差集。
通过这写操作我们可以实现sns中的好友推荐和blog的tag功能
1:sadd
向名称key的set中添加元素(唯一的)
例:sadd myset1 one ---->向集合myset1中添加元素one
sadd myset1 two
查看:smembers myset1
2:srem
删除名称为key的set中的元素
例:sadd myset2 one
srem myset2 one --->删除one元素
3:spop
随机返回并删除名称为key的set中一的个元素
例:spop myset3 --->随机弹出删除的元素
4:sdiff
返回所有给定key与第一个key的差集
myset1=1,2 myset2=3,2 --返回1
例:sdiff myset1 myset2 ---->谁在前面以谁为标准
4:sdiffstore
返回所有给定key与第一个key的差集,并将结果保存在一个新的key中
例:sdiffstore myset4 myset2 myset3 ---->将myset2与myset3的差集弹出并保存到myset4中
5:sinter
返回所有给定key的交集(交集:里面相同的元素)
two,one three,one --->one
例:sinter myset2 myset3 --->之间的交集
6: sinterstore
返回所有给定key与第一个key的交集,并将结果保存在一个新的key中
例:sinterstore myset4 myset2 myset3 ---->将myset2与myset3的交集保存到myset4中
7:sunion
返回所有给定key的并集
例:sunion myset1 myset2 --->取并集
8:sunionstore
返回所有给定key的并集,并保存到新的key中
例:sunionstore myset4 myset1 myset2 --->取并集并 保存到myset4中
9:smove
从第一个key中对应的set中移除某个元素并添加到第二个对应的key中
例:smove myset2 myset7 three --->将myset2中的元素移动到myset7里面
10:scard
返回名称为key的set的元素个数
例:scard myset8 ---->返回元素个数
11:sismember
测试某个元素是否是名称为KEY的set中的元素
例:sismember myset2 two --->测试two是否是myset2中的元素
12:srandmember(无序的取)
随机返回名称为key的set的一个元素,但不删除元素
例:srandmember myset3 --->随机去除myset3的元素
13:
二介绍: sorted sets=========》有序集合
sortes set是set的一个升级版本,它在set的基础上增加了一个顺序属性,
这一属性在添加修改元素的时候可以指定,每次指定后,zset会自动重新按新的值调整顺序。
可以理解为有两列的MySQL表,一列存value,一列存顺序。操作中key理解为zset(有序集合的名称)的名字
1: zadd ---重复插入时候会不成功,且将顺序更新
向名称为key的zset中添加元素member,score用于排序,如果该元素存在,则更新其顺序
例:zadd myzset1 1 one ---> 插入了one并指定顺序号
zrange
取值:zrange myzset1 0 -1 -----> 取myzset1的所有元素
zrange myzset1 0 -1 withscores ---->取出元素并吧顺序号输出
2:zrem 删除有序集合中的一个元素
删除名称为key的zset中的元素member
例子:zrem zset1 two --->删除two元素
3:zincrby
如果在名称为key的zset中已经存在元素member,则改元素的score
增加increment(顺序号)否则向该集合中添加元素,其score的值为increment
例:zincrby ssett1 2 one ---->对顺序号减
zincrby ssett1 -2 one ---->对顺序号加
4:zrank
返回名称为key的zset中member元素的排名(按score从小到大排序)即下标
例:zrange zset2 0 -1 withscores
zrank zset2 four ---->返回一个元素的索引值
5:zrevrank
返回名称为key的zset中member元素的排名(按score从大到小排序)即下标
例:zrevrank zset2 four ---->和zrank顺序相反
6: zrevrange
值按降序排序(score从大到小排序)
例:zrevrange zset2 0 -1 withscoress
7:zrangebyscore
返回集合中score在给定区域的元素
例:zrangebyscore zset2 2 4 withscores --->取下标2,3,4,且有序返回
8:zcount
返回集合中score在给定区域的数量
例:zrangebyscore zset2 2 4 ----->2,3,4 ,就会返回3表示有3个元素
9:zcrad
返回集合元素中的个数
zcrad zset2 ---->zset2里面所有元素的个数
10:zremrangebyrank
删除集合中排名在给定区间的元素(按照索引删除)
例:zremrangebyrank zset2 1 1 ---->删除索引为 1到1的(1),2,3(删除2和3)
11:zremrangebyscore
删除集合中score给定区间的元素(按照顺序号删除)
例:zremrangebyscore zset2 2 5 --->删除顺序号为2到5
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