Home Database Mysql Tutorial 基于SVM的数据分类预测意大利葡萄酒种类识别

基于SVM的数据分类预测意大利葡萄酒种类识别

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:59 PM
svm Classification based on Italy data type identify predict

wine数据来自于UCI数据库,记录的是意大利同一地区3中不同品种的葡萄酒13中化学成分含量,以期通过科学的方法,达到自动分类葡萄酒的目的。 本次分类的数据共有178个样本,每个样本有13个属性,并提供每个样本的正确分类,用于检验SVM分类的准确定。 首先我

wine数据来自于UCI数据库,记录的是意大利同一地区3中不同品种的葡萄酒13中化学成分含量,以期通过科学的方法,达到自动分类葡萄酒的目的。

本次分类的数据共有178个样本,每个样本有13个属性,并提供每个样本的正确分类,用于检验SVM分类的准确定。

首先我们画出数据的可视化图:

% 载入测试数据wine,其中包含的数据为classnumber = 3,wine:178*13的矩阵,wine_labes:178*1的列向量
load chapter_WineClass.mat;

% 画出测试数据的box可视化图
figure;
boxplot(wine,'orientation','horizontal','labels',categories);
title('wine数据的box可视化图','FontSize',12);
xlabel('属性值','FontSize',12);
grid on;

% 画出测试数据的分维可视化图
figure
subplot(3,5,1);
hold on
for run = 1:178
    plot(run,wine_labels(run),'*');
end
xlabel('样本','FontSize',10);
ylabel('类别标签','FontSize',10);
title('class','FontSize',10);
for run = 2:14
    subplot(3,5,run);
    hold on;
    str = ['attrib ',num2str(run-1)];
    for i = 1:178
        plot(i,wine(i,run-1),'*');
    end
    xlabel('样本','FontSize',10);
    ylabel('属性值','FontSize',10);
    title(str,'FontSize',10);
end
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(图1)

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(图2)

图1是wine数据的box可视化图,图2是wine的箱式图,从图上我们很难分出每一种葡萄酒是哪种类型。下面我们尝试用SVM来分类。

数据的预处理

% 选定训练集和测试集

% 将第一类的1-30,第二类的60-95,第三类的131-153做为训练集
train_wine = [wine(1:30,:);wine(60:95,:);wine(131:153,:)];
% 相应的训练集的标签也要分离出来
train_wine_labels = [wine_labels(1:30);wine_labels(60:95);wine_labels(131:153)];
% 将第一类的31-59,第二类的96-130,第三类的154-178做为测试集
test_wine = [wine(31:59,:);wine(96:130,:);wine(154:178,:)];
% 相应的测试集的标签也要分离出来
test_wine_labels = [wine_labels(31:59);wine_labels(96:130);wine_labels(154:178)];

<strong>%% 数据预处理</strong>
% 数据预处理,将训练集和测试集归一化到[0,1]区间

[mtrain,ntrain] = size(train_wine);
[mtest,ntest] = size(test_wine);

dataset = [train_wine;test_wine];
% mapminmax为MATLAB自带的归一化函数
[dataset_scale,ps] = mapminmax(dataset&#39;,0,1);
dataset_scale = dataset_scale&#39;;

train_wine = dataset_scale(1:mtrain,:);
test_wine = dataset_scale( (mtrain+1):(mtrain+mtest),: );
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SVM网络建立、训练和预测
<span style="font-size:12px;">%% SVM网络训练
model = svmtrain(train_wine_labels, train_wine, &#39;-c 2 -g 1&#39;);

%% SVM网络预测
[predict_label, accuracy,dec_value1] = svmpredict(test_wine_labels, test_wine, model);</span>
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结果分析
%% 结果分析

% 测试集的实际分类和预测分类图
% 通过图可以看出只有一个测试样本是被错分的
figure;
hold on;
plot(test_wine_labels,&#39;o&#39;);
plot(predict_label,&#39;r*&#39;);
xlabel(&#39;测试集样本&#39;,&#39;FontSize&#39;,12);
ylabel(&#39;类别标签&#39;,&#39;FontSize&#39;,12);
legend(&#39;实际测试集分类&#39;,&#39;预测测试集分类&#39;);
title(&#39;测试集的实际分类和预测分类图&#39;,&#39;FontSize&#39;,12);
grid on;
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利用svm分类的准确率达到了98.8764%,在89个测试样本中仅有一个被分类错误。可见SVM在数据分类方面的强大!

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