如何诊断节点重启问题
本文对如何诊断RAC环境中节点重启问题进行了介绍。适用于10gR2和11gR1. 首先我们对能够导致节点重启的CRS进程进行介绍。 1.ocssd : 它的主要功能是节点监控(Node Monitoring)和组管理(Group Management),它是CRS的核心进程之一。节点监控是指监控集群中节
本文对如何诊断RAC环境中节点重启问题进行了介绍。适用于10gR2和11gR1.
首先我们对能够导致节点重启的CRS进程进行介绍。
1.ocssd : 它的主要功能是节点监控(Node Monitoring)和组管理(Group Management),它是CRS的核心进程之一。节点监控是指监控集群中节点的健康,监控的方法是通过网络心跳(network heartbeat)和磁盘心跳(disk heartbeat)实现的,如果集群中的节点连续丢失磁盘心跳或网络心跳,该节点就会被从集群中驱逐,也就是节点重启。组管理导致的节点重启,我们称之为node kill escalation(只有在11gR1以及以上版本适用),我们会在后面的文章进行详细介绍。重启需要在指定的时间(reboot time,一般为3秒)内完成。
网络心跳:ocssd.bin进程每秒钟向集群中的各个节点通过私网发送网络心跳信息,以确认各个节点是否正常。如果某个节点连续丢失网络心跳达到阀值,misscount(默认为30秒,如果存在其他集群管理软件则为600秒),集群会通过表决盘进行投票,使丢失网络心跳的节点被主节点驱逐出集群,即节点重启。如果集群只包含2个节点,则会出现脑裂,结果是节点号小的节点存活下来,即使是节点号小的节点存在网络问题。
磁盘心跳:ocssd.bin进程每秒钟都会向所有表决盘(Voting File)注册本节点的状态信息,这个过程叫做磁盘心跳。如果某个节点连续丢失磁盘心跳达到阀值,disk timeou(一般为200秒),则该节点会自动重启以保证集群的一致性。另外,CRS只要求[N/2]+1个表决盘可用即可,其中N为表决盘数量,一般为奇数。
2.oclsomon:这个进程负责监控ocssd是否挂起,如果发现ocssd.bin存在性能问题,则重启该节点。
3.oprocd:这个进程只在Linux和Unix系统,并且第三方集群管理软件未安装的情况下才会出现。如果它发现节点挂起,则重启该节点。
注意:以上的所有进程都是由脚本init.cssd产生的。
接下来是诊断节点重启问题是经常搜集的信息。
1.操作系统日志
2.
3.oprocd.log(/etc/oracle/oprocd/*.log.* 或 /var/opt/oracle/oprocd/*.log.*)
4.
5. Oracle OSWatcher 报告
接下来我们讨论如何诊断节点重启问题。
1.由ocssd导致的节点重启。
如果在ocssd.log中出现以下错误,则表示节点重启是由于丢失网络心跳。接下来需要查看和网络相关的信息,如操作系统日志,OSW报表(traceroute的输出),以确定网络层面(cluster interconnect)是否存在问题,并确定最终的原因。
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注意:如果在主节点的ocssd.log中出现以上信息的时间点要晚于节点的重启时间,则说明节点重启的原因不是丢失网络心跳。
如果ocssd.log中出现以下错误,则表示节点重启是由于丢失磁盘心跳。接下来需要查看操作系统日志,OSWatcher报告(iostat的输出),以确定i/o层面是否存在问题,并确定最终的原因。
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2. 由oclsomon导致的节点重启。
如果在oclsomon.log 中出现错误,则表示节点重启是由于ocssd进程挂起,由于ocssd进程拥有实时(RT)优先级,很可能此时操作系统存在资源(如cpu)竞争,接下来需要察看操作系统日志,OSW报表(vmstat,top的输出),以确定最终的原因。
3.由oprocd导致的节点重启。
如果在oprocd日志中出现以下信息,则表明节点重启是由oprocd进程导致。
1 |
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由于oprocd进程通过查看系统时间以确定操作系统是否挂起,正确的配置ntp(或其他时间同步软件),调整diagwait=13 可以避免节点重启,另外,如果需要大幅度修改系时间,建议首先停止CRS,在修改完成之后再重新启动。当然,我们也不排除操作系统挂起导致oprocd重启节点,所以,也需要查看OSWatcher报告(vmstat,top的输出),以确定最终的原因。
本文只是对诊断节点重启问题的思路进行了介绍,在具体实际问题当中还需要灵活运用。
关于更多的信息,请阅读以下的MOS 文章。
Note 265769.1 :Troubleshooting 10g and 11.1 Clusterware Reboots
Note 1050693.1 :Troubleshooting 11.2 Clusterware Node Evictions (Reboots)

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