Home Database Mysql Tutorial DBA的利器:企业监控器简化MySQL管理

DBA的利器:企业监控器简化MySQL管理

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:06 PM
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对于数据库管理员来说,对数据库进行监控具有举足轻重的重要性,而相比于像Oracle、SQL Server这样的商业版数据库产品,开源数据库一直在这方面表现的差强人意,不过在MySQL推出企业版后,它为使用这一开源数据库的企业数据库管理员们带来了一个福音:MySQL

对于数据库管理员来说,对数据库进行监控具有举足轻重的重要性,而相比于像Oracle、SQL Server这样的商业版数据库产品,开源数据库一直在这方面表现的差强人意,不过在MySQL推出企业版后,它为使用这一开源数据库的企业数据库管理员们带来了一个福音:MySQL企业监控器(Enterprise Monitor)。下面就请跟随笔者来了解一下这个强大的工具。

借助于最新版的MySQL企业监控器,数据库管理员不但可以获得高级的数据复制和数据库监控功能,同时还可以简化安装,无论是对于商业版的MySQL企业版,还是对于MySQL社区版,它都能够帮助管理员来实现数据库的安装和维护。

MySQL企业监控器Fall 2007提供银、金和白金三个级别的服务,我测试了具有最多功能的白金版,它的每服务器每年价格为4999美元。

07年9月份推出的企业监控器Fall 2007的组成包括:一个服务代理,每一个被监控的MySQL服务器都需要安装它;还有一个服务管理器,它通过使用Windows或Unix服务器上的一个Java服务来从其监控范围之内的每一个MySQL服务器上收集MySQL和操作系统的数据;一个MySQL数据库作为一个信息仓库,被服务管理器用来显示和报告服务器健康状况。

对于MySQL数据库管理员们来说,考虑使用企业监控器的一个最大的理由是,它能够让管理员可视化的将多个MySQL服务器以组的形式管理,而不用像以前一样每次都要登录到每一个系统上。尽管这类功能在商业化数据库中已经非常普遍,两年前实现商业化的MySQL还是通过这个版本的企业监控器向前迈了一大步。

企业监控器还提供给数据库管理员一个基于Web的企业面板,以查看被监控服务器的图表和事件数据。我使用这个企业面板可以对企业监控器进行配置,以保持对系统的监控,并得到来自MySQL公司的更新,同时还可以查看事件和修改设置。

DBA的利器:企业监控器简化MySQL管理
图1:MySQL企业监控器企业面板

那些在MySQL数据库上运行关键业务应用的数据库管理员应该考虑使用某个版本的MySQL企业监控器。它的专家建议策略集合,还有可以让我轻松添加从系统的功能,都可以显著的节省企业数据库的管理成本。

MySQL企业监控器的关键功能之一是它的建议器功能,数据库管理员使用它可以创建复杂的规则来监控和报告MySQL服务器的管理、内存使用、性能、复制、计划和安全等。这些规则已经被调试好,可以适用于多数典型的MySQL服务器情况,但是你可以很容易的拷贝并编辑规则来创建一个定制的监视器。在我自己的测试中我使用了默认设置。

MySQL企业监控器使得管理具有主从关系的划分等级的MySQL数据库变得非常简单,在主从关系的MySQL中,出于备份或性能方面的考虑,来自一个主服务器的一个或多个数据库可以自动被映像到其它从服务器上。

在大型企业环境中,保持对这些主从关系数据库的跟踪是一件比较麻烦的事情,在这个版本的MySQL企业监控器中,新增的功能包括对主从关系的自动探测和分组管理功能。为了测试这个功能,我对测试环境中MySQL服务器的复制关系进行了好几个修改,MySQL企业监控器可以轻松的保持同步修改。在非常大型的环境中,大部分数据库管理员不可能对每一个复制配对以文档形式记录下来,这类服务的价值是难以估量的。

复制建议器规则只有在金版和白金版的MySQL企业监控器中提供,可以简要的说明什么时候在复制拓扑中不再需要二进制日志。在复制建议规则中几个其它的新增改进包括,可以立即指出数据库通信错误出现的时间,以有助于确保问题被记录和修正。

除了19个复制规则之外,在这个版本的MySQL企业监控器中还有80多个其它的方法,包括虚拟内存和针对以组形式显示的不同服务器的缓冲效率进行查询。

MySQL企业监控器要求每一个被监控的MySQL服务器安装一个代理。在我的每一个Windows 2003服务器测试系统上,这个代理占用7.5M左右的内存。和多数其它代理一样,这个MySQL企业监控器代理需要具有它们自己的维护计划。

在我的测试中,服务管理器只可以与相同版本的MySQL企业监控器中的代理配合工作。早期版本的代理必须先被升级,才能与最新的MySQL企业监控器组件配合使用。

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