undo表空间概述
1. 一般的表空间中的段是手动建立的,undo表空间和普通的表空间相似,但是undo表空间中undo段,undo段是自动生成的;oracle自动使
UNDO的简要概序:
1. 一般的表空间中的段是手动建立的,undo表空间和普通的表空间相似,但是undo表空间中undo段,undo段是自动生成的;Oracle自动使用、维护undo段。
2. 一般表空间中的段是我们自己手动使用的,而undo表中的段是oracle自动使用的。
show parameter undo_tablespace;//查询当前的undo表空间
NAME TYPE VALUE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
select * from v$rollname;//当前有多少段
//下面的段是系统提供的回滚段:
1. 对数据库对象进行操作的时候,也就是使用数据字典的时,SYSTEM的UNDO段才会使用
2. 如果undo表空间坏了,可能会使用SYSTEM段
0 SYSTEM
//下面的是存在于 UNDOTBS1中,这下面段是在数据库运行一段时间会自动调整的段
1 _SYSSMU1_3780397527$
2 _SYSSMU2_2232571081$
3 _SYSSMU3_2097677531$
4 _SYSSMU4_1152005954$
5 _SYSSMU5_1527469038$
6 _SYSSMU6_2443381498$
7 _SYSSMU7_3286610060$
8 _SYSSMU8_2012382730$
9 _SYSSMU9_1424341975$
10 _SYSSMU10_3550978943$
select SEGMENT_NAE,BLOCKS,EXTENTS from dba_segments where SEGMENT_NAME='SYSTEM';//在system的表空间中段的大小
SYSTEM 48 6
--UNDO表空间占用空间情况以及数据文件存放位置
select file_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name like '%UNDOTBS%';
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/undotbs01.dbf 90
select SEGMENT_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,EXTENT_ID,FILE_ID,BLOCK_ID,BLOCKS from dba_extents where SEGMENT_NAME='SYSTEM';//段所占的区
SYSTEM SYSTEM 0 1 128 8
SYSTEM SYSTEM 1 1 136 8
SYSTEM SYSTEM 2 1 528 8
SYSTEM SYSTEM 3 1 536 8
SYSTEM SYSTEM 4 1 544 8
SYSTEM SYSTEM 5 1 552 8
select SEGMENT_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,EXTENT_ID,FILE_ID,BLOCK_ID,BLOCKS from dba_extents where SEGMENT_NAME='_SYSSMU7_3286610060$';
_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 0 3 224 8
_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 1 3 232 8
_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 2 3 312 8
_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 3 3 1024 128
_SYSSMU7_3286610060$ UNDOTBS1 4 3 11392 128
通过上面可以看到对于系统的undo段中的区是连续的,,而且区中的块也是连续的
但是对于非系统的undo段中的区不是连续的,但是区中的块是连续的
undo表空间的管理方式:在9i以前表空间自动建立,段是自动建立;但是区是手动分区的,这样就会存在一些问题:
一些比较大的DML语言跑跑就因为undo段够就会出现问题,空间不足。
在其后就自动分配了,在某些请款下也会自动回收的。
show parameter undo;
NAME TYPE VALUE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
NAME TYPE VALUE
-------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 900
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1

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