Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL全文检索中Like索引的实现

MySQL全文检索中Like索引的实现

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:09 PM
d like mysql use Full Text Search accomplish database index

在数据库使用中,DBA都会告诉大家SQL的LIKE条件为%XXX%号时,由于不能使用索引,当数据量变大时(比如超过百万条),全表扫描会导致性能很差。 但是在实际业务中,很难避免MySQL全文检索并Like索引的这种需求。比如模糊搜索用户帐号,昵称之类。既然这个需求

在数据库使用中,DBA都会告诉大家SQL的LIKE条件为%XXX%号时,由于不能使用索引,当数据量变大时(比如超过百万条),全表扫描会导致性能很差。

但是在实际业务中,很难避免MySQL全文检索并Like索引的这种需求。比如模糊搜索用户帐号,昵称之类。既然这个需求必须做,但又不可以直接用LIKE。这里我和大家分享一下我们关于这种需求的一种解决方案。当然别人也可能采用过类似的办法,我不是很清楚。所以也用一下“原创”吧。

MySQL数据库很早就支持全文索引,但是全文索引和LIKE语句是不同的。具体点说,全文索引的单位是词,耳LIKE匹配的是字符。当然实际的区别更大,比如“老鼠爱大米”这段文本用全文搜索的话,条件“老鼠爱大米”,“老鼠和大米”,“大米老鼠”,“大米与老鼠”会搜索到内容,但是“爱”,“鼠爱”,“爱大”不会搜索到内容。反之,使用LIKE搜索时,“老鼠和大米”,“大米老鼠”,“大米与老鼠”不会找到内容,而“爱”,“鼠爱”,“爱大”会找到内容。我们这里不讨论两种方式的优劣,根据实际情况每种功能都会有各自的实际需求。比如对于大段文本,全文检索是最好的方法,但是对于姓名,帐号,昵称等很短的通常无意义文本,LIKE会更合适一些。

虽然全文检索和LIKE搜索不同,但是在特殊情况下,可以用全文搜索功能来实现LIKE搜索。具体就是每个字符作为一个词,而且使用双引号来限制词精确匹配(简单点说就是老鼠大米和大米老鼠不同),这样可以实现LIKE搜索的功能。

下面还是说一下具体的做法吧。

首先,数据库指定 --ft_min_word_len=2 --ft_stopword_file=""。第一个参数是告诉数据库,小于2个字符的词忽略。第二个是告诉数据库不忽略任何特殊词。这些设置是给实现功能创造条件。

然后建搜索表

CREATE TABLE  tbl_search (
  id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment,
  name varchar(500),
  PRIMARY KEY  (id),
  FULLTEXT KEY idx_name (name)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1;
Copy after login

static String encode(String input) {
if (input == null) return null;
StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0, c = input.length(); i = '0' && ch = 'A' && ch = '0' && ch = 'A' && ch = 'a' && ch = 'a' && ch  0 && output.charAt(last) == ' ') {
output.deleteCharAt(last);
}

return output.toString();
}
Copy after login

使用上面的代码对要搜索的内容编码,比如内容是“蓝皮鼠2008”,编码后的结果是“84dd 76ae 9f20 32 30 30 38”。将编码后的内容存入name字段。

使用如下SQL语句进行搜索

select * from tbl_search where match(name) against('"76ae 9f20 32"' in boolean mode) 
Copy after login

这样就基本实现了MySQL全文检索中的Like索引。


Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. Best Graphic Settings
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
R.E.P.O. How to Fix Audio if You Can't Hear Anyone
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
WWE 2K25: How To Unlock Everything In MyRise
3 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

The relationship between mysql user and database The relationship between mysql user and database Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:15 PM

In MySQL database, the relationship between the user and the database is defined by permissions and tables. The user has a username and password to access the database. Permissions are granted through the GRANT command, while the table is created by the CREATE TABLE command. To establish a relationship between a user and a database, you need to create a database, create a user, and then grant permissions.

MySQL: The Ease of Data Management for Beginners MySQL: The Ease of Data Management for Beginners Apr 09, 2025 am 12:07 AM

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is simple to install, powerful and easy to manage data. 1. Simple installation and configuration, suitable for a variety of operating systems. 2. Support basic operations such as creating databases and tables, inserting, querying, updating and deleting data. 3. Provide advanced functions such as JOIN operations and subqueries. 4. Performance can be improved through indexing, query optimization and table partitioning. 5. Support backup, recovery and security measures to ensure data security and consistency.

Can I retrieve the database password in Navicat? Can I retrieve the database password in Navicat? Apr 08, 2025 pm 09:51 PM

Navicat itself does not store the database password, and can only retrieve the encrypted password. Solution: 1. Check the password manager; 2. Check Navicat's "Remember Password" function; 3. Reset the database password; 4. Contact the database administrator.

How to view mysql How to view mysql Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:21 PM

View the MySQL database with the following command: Connect to the server: mysql -u Username -p Password Run SHOW DATABASES; Command to get all existing databases Select database: USE database name; View table: SHOW TABLES; View table structure: DESCRIBE table name; View data: SELECT * FROM table name;

How to create navicat premium How to create navicat premium Apr 09, 2025 am 07:09 AM

Create a database using Navicat Premium: Connect to the database server and enter the connection parameters. Right-click on the server and select Create Database. Enter the name of the new database and the specified character set and collation. Connect to the new database and create the table in the Object Browser. Right-click on the table and select Insert Data to insert the data.

How to copy tables in mysql How to copy tables in mysql Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:24 PM

Copying a table in MySQL requires creating new tables, inserting data, setting foreign keys, copying indexes, triggers, stored procedures, and functions. The specific steps include: creating a new table with the same structure. Insert data from the original table into a new table. Set the same foreign key constraint (if the original table has one). Create the same index. Create the same trigger (if the original table has one). Create the same stored procedure or function (if the original table is used).

How to view database password in Navicat for MariaDB? How to view database password in Navicat for MariaDB? Apr 08, 2025 pm 09:18 PM

Navicat for MariaDB cannot view the database password directly because the password is stored in encrypted form. To ensure the database security, there are three ways to reset your password: reset your password through Navicat and set a complex password. View the configuration file (not recommended, high risk). Use system command line tools (not recommended, you need to be proficient in command line tools).

How to copy and paste mysql How to copy and paste mysql Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:18 PM

Copy and paste in MySQL includes the following steps: select the data, copy with Ctrl C (Windows) or Cmd C (Mac); right-click at the target location, select Paste or use Ctrl V (Windows) or Cmd V (Mac); the copied data is inserted into the target location, or replace existing data (depending on whether the data already exists at the target location).

See all articles