Home Database Mysql Tutorial utf-8和gbk编码的区别

utf-8和gbk编码的区别

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:09 PM
gbk utf- utf-8 the difference coding solve

UTF- 8: 是用以解决国际上字符的一种多字节编码,它对英文使用8位(即一个字节),中文使用24为(三个字节)来编码。 GBK 是国家标准GB2312基础上扩容后兼容GB2312的标准。GBK的文字编码是用双字节来表示的,即不论中、英文字符均使用双字节来表示,为了区

UTF- 8:

是用以解决国际上字符的一种多字节编码,它对英文使用8位(即一个字节),中文使用24为(三个字节)来编码。

GBK

是国家标准GB2312基础上扩容后兼容GB2312的标准。GBK的文字编码是用双字节来表示的,即不论中、英文字符均使用双字节来表示,为了区分中文,将其最高位都设定成1。GBK包含全部中文字符,是国家编码,通用性比UTF8差,不过UTF8占用的数据库比GBD大

所有网页一般采用utf-8,因为网页中基本是大量的html代码采用utf-8比较不会占用空间

utf-8编码的数据库varchar(30) 之多可以保存10个汉字,因为一个汉字占三个字节

4.0版本以下,varchar(20),指的是20字节,如果存放UTF8汉字时,只能存6个(每个汉字3字节) ;5.0版本以上,varchar(20),指的是20字符,无论存放的是数字、字母还是UTF8汉字(每个汉字3字节),都可以存放20个,最大大小是65532字节 ;varchar(20)在Mysql4中最大也不过是20个字节,但是Mysql5根据编码不同,存储大小也不同,具体有以下规则:
a) 存储限制
varchar 字段是将实际内容单独存储在聚簇索引之外,内容开头用1到2个字节表示实际长度(长度超过255时需要2个字节),因此最大长度不能超过65535。
b) 编码长度限制
字符类型若为gbk,每个字符最多占2个字节,最大长度不能超过32766;
字符类型若为utf8,每个字符最多占3个字节,最大长度不能超过21845。
若定义的时候超过上述限制,则varchar字段会被强行转为text类型,并产生warning。

对于c 语言

根据编译器了,不同的编译器,规定是不一样。ANSI标准定义int是占2个字节,TC是按ANSI标准的,它的int是占2个字节的。但是在VC里,一个int是占4个字节的
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