UNION和UNIONALL操作符
UNION 操作符 UNION 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。 注意: 1.UNION 内部的 SELECT 语句必须拥有相同数量的列 2.列也必须拥有相的数据类型 3.每条 SELECT 语句中的列的顺序必须相同 UNION 语法 SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1UNIO
UNION 操作符
UNION 操作符用于合并两个或多个 SELECT 语句的结果集。
注意:
1.UNION 内部的 SELECT 语句必须拥有相同数量的列
2.列也必须拥有相似的数据类型
3.每条 SELECT 语句中的列的顺序必须相同
UNION 语法
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 UNION SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
注释:默认地,UNION 操作符选取不同的值。如果允许重复的值,请使用 UNION ALL。
UNION ALL 语法
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 UNION ALL SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
另外,UNION 结果集中的列名总是等于 UNION 中第一个 SELECT 语句中的列名。
下面的例子中使用的原始表:
Employees_China:
E_ID | E_Name |
---|---|
01 | Zhang, Hua |
02 | Wang, Wei |
03 | Carter, Thomas |
04 | Yang, Ming |
Employees_USA:
E_ID | E_Name |
---|---|
01 | Adams, John |
02 | Bush, George |
03 | Carter, Thomas |
04 | Gates, Bill |
使用 UNION 命令
实例
列出所有在中国和美国的不同的雇员名:
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_China UNION SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA
结果
E_Name |
---|
Zhang, Hua |
Wang, Wei |
Carter, Thomas |
Yang, Ming |
Adams, John |
Bush, George |
Gates, Bill |
注释:这个命令无法列出在中国和美国的所有雇员。在上面的例子中,我们有两个名字相同的雇员,他们当中只有一个人被列出来了。UNION 命令只会选取不同的值。
使用 UNION ALL 命令
UNION ALL 命令和 UNION 命令几乎是等效的,不过 UNION ALL 命令会列出所有的值。
实例:
列出在中国和美国的所有的雇员:
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_China UNION ALL SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA
结果
E_Name |
---|
Zhang, Hua |
Wang, Wei |
Carter, Thomas |
Yang, Ming |
Adams, John |
Bush, George |
Carter, Thomas |
Gates, Bill |

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