如何实现MySQL数据库的基本用法在linux下
以下的文章主要讲述的是在linux下是实现MySQL数据库的基本用法具体操作步骤,以下就是文章的具体操作内容介绍,如果你对其相关的实际操作有兴趣的话,望以下的文章会给你带来一些帮助在此方面。 1]如何创建MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)d数据库的管理用户? 数
以下的文章主要讲述的是在linux下是实现MySQL数据库的基本用法具体操作步骤,以下就是文章的具体操作内容介绍,如果你对其相关的实际操作有兴趣的话,望以下的文章会给你带来一些帮助在此方面。
1]如何创建MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)d数据库的管理用户?
数据库安装好后,我们应该为MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库创建一个管理帐号。要把root用户设置为管理员,我们应该运行下面的命令;
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)admin -u root password 123456
[root@linuxsir01 root]#
通过上面的命令,我们可以知道,MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库的管理员是root,密码是123456。
2]如何进入MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库?
以MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库管理员root,密码为123456为例;
[root@linuxsir01 root]#/opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) -uroot -p123456
输出上面的命令后,出现的是如下的提示;
Welcome to the MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) connection id is 6 to server version: 3.23.58
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>
注意:操作这些命令的时候,应该把MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)d服务器打开。这些新手兄弟早就知道了吧:)
3]如何在数据库中操作命令?
我想这是MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)手册都有的,我主要说几个要注意的地方。其实我也会不了几个命令。如果自己想学的弟兄,也不是什么难事;在windows中操作过MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)的,其实在这里也是一样的,MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)是跨平台的数据库,用法都是相同的。
在MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库中,每操作一个命令,都是;号结尾的,可能有的新手弟兄,忘记输入了;号结尾,结果退不出来。:):)
1]查看MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)中都有哪些数据库?
代码:
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> show databases;+----------+| Database |+----------+| MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) || test |+----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>在MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)安装好,设置好管理员后,第一次进入系统,我们用show databases;命令查看数据库的列表,发现有两个数据库,MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)和test,这是系统自建的,是让大家练习用的。
4]如何创建和删除一个数据库?
比如我要创建一个名为linux的数据库,应该运行如下命令
MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> create database [数据库名];
所以我们应该运行如下的命令,来创建名为linux的数据库
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> create database linux;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
是不是建好了呢??肯定是建好了,因为都有OK了:)
查看是不是有linux这个数据库了呢?
代码:
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> show databases;+----------+| Database |+----------+| linux || MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) || test |+----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec) MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>那我们如何删除一个数据库呢??
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> drop database [数据库名];
比如我们要把刚才创建的linux数据库删除,应该用下面的命令;
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> drop database linux;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
是不是已经删除了呢??
代码:
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> show databases;+----------+| Database |+----------+| MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) || test |+----------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>
5]如何操作一个数据库呢?
这个问题就比较多了,建议还是看一下MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)的手册吧。里面的东西太多了。如果操作一个数据库,首先是要指定一个数据库为当前数据库,应该用use命令
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>use [数据库];
比如我想指定linux这个数据库为当前数据库,应该是
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> use linux;
Database changed
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>
6]如何备份数据库??
比如我们要备份MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)中已经存在的名为linux的数据库,要用到命令MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)dump
命令格式如下:
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)dump -uroot -p linux > /root/linux.sql
Enter password:在这里输入数据库的密码
通过上面的命令,我们要明白两件事,首先备份数据库是要以数据库管理员的身份备份;其次:备份目的地是/root,备份的文件名是linux.sql。其实备份的位置和文件名,根据自己的情况来定。文件名可以自己来取,路径也可以自己来安排;
比如我想把linux的数据库备份到/home/beinan,数据库的文件名为linuxsir031130.sql,所以应该输入如下的命令。
[root@linuxsir01 root]#/opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)dump -uroot -p linux > /home/beinan/linuxsir031130.sql
Enter password:在这里输入数据库管理员root的数据库密码
这样我们到/home/beinan目录下就能发现MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)中名为linux的数据库的备份文件linuxsir031130.sql
综上所述,我们学习时要学会变通。:):)
6]如何把把备份的数据库导入到数据库中?
首先我们还是要操作上面几个过程,比如添加数据库管理员(如果您没有添加过MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库管理员的话),创建数据库等。
比如我们要把在/home/beinan这个目录中的linuxsir031130.sql这个备份,导入名为linux的数据库中,应该如下操作;
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) -uroot -p linux
Enter password:在这里输入密码
如果机器好,数据库比较小,几分钟就好了。
7]其它一些比较常用的MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)指令;
查看状态
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> show status;
查看进程
代码:
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> show processlist;+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+| 16 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlist |+----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+-------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>查看表,应该先指定一个数据库为当前数据库;比如是名为linux的数据库;
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>use linux;
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)>
7]对MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库常用命令的一点补充;
几个常用的MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)相关的管理命令
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合) 命令:基本文本的,显示和使用的MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库。前面已经简单的提过用法;比如登录等。
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)admin 命令,用来创建和维护MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)数据库的命令,前面已经简单的提过;
isamchk 是用来修复、检查和优化.ism后缀的数据库文件;
MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)dump 是用于备份数据库,前面已经简单的说明过;
myisamchk 用来修复.myi后缀的数据库文件;
比如我们要检查名为linux的数据库.myi数据库表是否存在问题,应该用下面的命令;
要把MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)d服务器停下来
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/share/MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合).server stop
然后执行
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/myisamchk /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/var/linux/*.MYI
上面的命令的意思就是检查所有的.myi文件,数据库的目录在/opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/var/linux/目录中
如果有问题,应该用-r参数来修复
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/myisamchk -r /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/var/linux/*.MYI
8]MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)show 命令:显示用户选择的数据库和表
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)show -uroot -p [数据库名]
比如我要查看名为linux的数据库;应该是:
[root@linuxsir01 root]# /opt/MySQL数据库(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)/bin/MySQL(和PHP搭配之最佳组合)show -uroot -p linux

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