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MySQL select技巧使用大全

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:12 PM
mysql select main use Encyclopedia Skill article

以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL select技巧使用大全,主要对一些select的实际使用技巧的记录,比如正确使用IN、LIMIT以及CONCAT与DISTINCT等实际操作,以下就是文章的对其具体操作步骤的描述。 记录一些MySQL select的技巧: 1、select语句可以用回车分隔 $ sq

以下的文章主要讲述的是MySQL select技巧使用大全,主要对一些select的实际使用技巧的记录,比如正确使用IN、LIMIT以及CONCAT与DISTINCT等实际操作,以下就是文章的对其具体操作步骤的描述。

记录一些MySQL select的技巧:

1、select语句可以用回车分隔

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"select * from article where id=1"</span><span> </span></span></li></ol>
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和 $sql="select * from article

where id=1",都可以得到正确的结果,但有时分开写或许能更明了一点,特别是当sql语句比较长时

2、批量查询数据

可以用in来实现

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"select * from article where id in(1,3,5)"</span><span> </span></span></li></ol>
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3、使用concat连接查询的结果

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"select concat(id,"</span><span>-",con) as res from article where </span><span class="attribute">id</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">1</span><span>" </span></span></li></ol>
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返回"1-article content"

4、使用locate

用法:select locate("hello","hello baby");返回1

不存在返回0

5、MySQL select的技巧:使用group by

以前一直没怎么搞明group by 和 order by,其实也满简单的,group by 是把相同的结果编为一组

exam:

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"select city ,count(*) from customer group by city"</span><span>; </span></span></li></ol>
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这句话的意思就是从customer表里列出所有不重复的城市,及其数量(有点类似distinct)

group by 经常与AVG(),MIN(),MAX(),SUM(),COUNT()一起使用

6、使用having

having 允许有条件地聚合数据为组

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>="select city,count(*),min(birth_day) from customer  </span></span></li>
<li>
<span>group by city having count(*)</span><span class="tag">></span><span>10"; </span>
</li>
</ol>
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这句话是先按city归组,然后找出city地数量大于10的城市

btw:使用group by + having 速度有点慢

同时having子句包含的表达式必须在之前出现过

7、组合子句

where、group by、having、order by(如果这四个都要使用的话,一般按这个顺序排列)

8、使用distinct

distinct是去掉重复值用的

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"select distinct city from customer order by id desc"</span><span>; </span></span></li></ol>
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这句话的意思就是从customer表中查询所有的不重复的city

9、使用limit

如果要显示某条记录之后的所有记录

<ol class="dp-xml"><li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"select * from article limit 100,-1"</span><span>; </span></span></li></ol>
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10、多表查询

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><span>$</span><span class="attribute">sql</span><span>="select user_name from user u,member m  </span></span></li>
<li>
<span>where </span><span class="attribute">u.id</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">m</span><span>.id and  </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>m.reg_date</span><span class="tag">></span><span>=2006-12-28  </span>
</li>
<li><span>order by u.id desc" </span></li>
</ol>
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注意:如果user和member两个标同时有user_name字段,会出现mysql错误(因为mysql不知道你到底要查询哪个表里的user_name),必须指明是哪个表的

以上的相关内容就是对MySQL select的技巧的介绍,望你能有所收获。


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